做了一下考研英語一,分享我的做題思路丨2025年考研英語一完型填空丨真題精講

好幾年沒做考研真題了。今年英語一討論度很高,我忍不住做了一套。
今天先和大家講講2025年英語一的完型,中間穿插著分享我的做題思路和感悟。
先看原題,再看解析。
原題:
Located in the southem Peloponnesian peninsula, Pavlopetri (the modern name of the site) emerged as a Neolithic settlement around 3500 B.C. and became an important trading center for Mycenaean Greece (1650-1180B.C.). This area of the Aegean Sea is __1__ to earthquakes and tsunamis, which caused the city to __2__sink. The slow sea level rise in the Mediterranean __3__ the city more than 3,000 years ago.
For millennia, the city's __4__ lay unseen below some 13 feet of water. They were covered by a thick layer of sand __5__ the island of Laconia. In recent decades, shifting __6__ and climate change have eroded a natural barrier that __7__ Pavlopetri. In1967 a scientific survey of the Peloponnesian coast was __8__ data to analyze changes in sea levels __9__ British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken __10__. A year later, he returned with a few students to __11__ the location and map the site. The team identified some 15 buildings, courtyards, a network of streets, and two chamber tombs. __12__ the exciting initial finds, the site would lie __13__ for decades before archaeologists would return.
In 2009 archaeologists Chrysanthi Gallou and Jon Henderson __14__ the excavation of Pavlopetri in cooperation with the Greek Ministry of Culture. Since the 1960s, underwater archaeology __15__ and tools had made huge advances. The team __16__ robotics, sonar mapping, and state-of-the-art graphics to survey the site. From 2009 to 2013 they were able to bring the underwater town to __17__. Covering about two and a half acres, Pavlopetri’s three main roads __18__ some 50 rectangular buildings, all of which had open courtyards. Excavations revealed a large number of Minoan-style loom weights, __19__ Pavlopetri was a thriving trade center with a __20__ textile industry.
1. [A] relevant    [B] prone    [C] available    [D] alien
2. [A] accidentally    [B] frequently    [C] gradually    [D] temporarily
3. [A] disguised    [B] submerged    [C] relocated    [D] isolated
4. [A] legends    [B] programs    [C] remains    [D] surroundings
5. [A] across    [B] off    [C] under    [D] via
6. [A] currents    [B] rivers    [C] seasons    [D] winds
7. [A] elevated    [B] separated    [C] comprised    [D] protected
8, [A] gathering    [B] restoring    [C] updating    [D] supplying
9. [A] when    [B] until    [C] after    [D] once
10. [A] belongings    [B] resources    [C] products    [D] structures
11. [A] preserve    [B] select    [C] display    [D] examine
12. [A] Despite    [B] Unlike    [C] Besides    [D] Among
13. [A] unchallenged    [B] unknown    [C] unorganized    [D] undisturbed
14. [A] suspended    [B] transferred    [C] resumed    [D] canceled
15. [A] policies    [B] theories    [C] documents    [D] techniques
16. [A] ordered    [B] provided    [C] employed    [D] adjusted
17. [A] effect    [B] light    [C] reality    [D]mind
18. [A] crossed    [B] connected    [C] blocked    [D] altered
19. [A] expecting    [B] suggesting    [C] predicting    [D] recalling
20. [A] robust    [B] diverse    [C] marginal    [D] dependent 
解析:
1
Located in the southem Peloponnesian peninsula, Pavlopetri (the modern name of the site) emerged as a Neolithic settlement around 3500 B.C. and became an important trading center for Mycenaean Greece (1650-1180 B.C.).
這句話出現了很多首字母大寫的專有名詞,我們不要糾結某個詞是什麼意思,要去體會句子所傳遞的資訊。
前半句介紹了位置:Located in the southem Peloponnesian peninsula,位於某個半島的南部。
Pavlopetri emerged as a Neolithic settlement around 3500 B.C.,告訴我們這是一個古代的居住地(settlement ),became an important trading center for Mycenaean Greece說明它在古代很繁榮。
至於Peloponnesian、Pavlopetri、Neolithic、Mycenaean Greece是什麼意思,我們暫時不用管,名稱只是個代號,我們甚至可以用A、B、C、D替代。不過可以大致推斷出,Peloponnesian是一個地區名;Pavlopetri是個地點,也是本文主題,因為它在句子主幹的主語位置上;Neolithic是一個時代或民族,Mycenaean是一個時代。
2
This area of the Aegean Sea is __1__ to earthquakes and tsunamis, which caused the city to __2__sink.
be X to+不好的事情,這個搭配一下子讓我想到了be prone tobe vulnerable tobe susceptible to,答案應該就在這三個裡。這三個短語都表示“容易受到…的影響”,用英語說就是be easily affected by。
2023年初矽谷銀行破產,我們在公眾號裡講過這三個片語:
The bank appears to have been uniquely susceptible to a run. 
銀行似乎極為容易遭受擠兌。
Children are most vulnerable to abuse within their own home.
兒童在自己家裡最容易受到虐待。
People who smoke are prone to lung cancer.
抽菸者更容易患肺癌。
看選項:
[A] relevant
[B] prone
[C] available
[D] alien
選B。
Be relevant to是“和…相關”.
sth be available to sb是“某人可獲得某物”,2021年《政府工作報告》中出現過這個詞:
We will further deepen reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems, improve the basic medical and health care systems, and more quickly reach the goal of making basic medical and health services available to all citizens.
進一步深化醫藥衛生體制改革,健全基本醫療衛生制度,加快實現人人享有基本醫療衛生服務的目標。
2020年考研英語二Text3中也出現過:
Local officials are using the levers that are available to them to safeguard residents’ health  in the face of a serious threat.
面對嚴峻挑戰,當地官員正充分運用各類可行手段,全力保障居民健康安全。
be alien to是“對……感到陌生”,《百年孤獨》中出現過這個短語:
But Colonel Aureliano Buendía did not notice it. He seemed so alien to everything that he did not even notice Remedios the Beauty as she passed by naked on her way to her bedroom.
但奧雷里亞諾·布恩迪亞上校毫無察覺。他完全心不在焉,甚至都沒注意到美人兒蕾梅黛絲赤著身子走向臥室。
繼續看:which caused the city to __2__sink
選項:
[A] accidentally
[B] frequently
[C] gradually
[D] temporarily
選C,逐漸下沉。frequently太誇張了,accidentally和temporarily不符合正常思維。
3
The slow sea level rise in the Mediterranean __3__ the city more than 3,000 years ago.
在3000年前,海平面緩慢上升,怎麼了這個城市。
看一下選項:
[A] disguised
[B] submerged
[C] relocated
[D] isolated
結合第一句的emerged as,第二句的earthquakes and tsunamis,以及gradually sink,不難選出正確答案是B。
4
For millennia, the city's __4__ lay unseen below some 13 feet of water.
數千年來,這座城市的什麼,在13英尺深的水中不被看到。
millennia可能不認識,但應該知道millennial(千禧一代),公眾號《經濟學人眼中的中國網紅“大V”》中講過。
它的字首mille-意為“千”。
millennia是複數,單數是millennium(一千年)。
類似的單複數變化還有medium→media
前幾天有人在留言區問我一個句子:
The media were accused of influencing the final decision. 媒體被指責左右了終審判決。
他問:這個句子主語是media,謂語為什麼用複數?
他誤以為media是單數。其實media本身就是不規則複數形式,謂語動詞理應用複數。
不過它用單數也可以,所以上面的句子也可以寫成:
The media was accused of influencing the final decision. 
看一下第4題的選項:
[A] legends 傳奇
[B] programs 專案
[C] remains 遺蹟、剩餘物
[D] surroundings 周圍環境
想到了《新概念三》裡的一個句子,相同語境下,用的是remains,選C。
做完題後查了下,出自第3課An unknown goddess:
The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C.
其中一尊雕像的軀體被發現於公元前十五世紀的遺蹟之中。
5
They were covered by a thick layer of sand __5__ the island of Laconia.
這些遺蹟被一層厚厚的沙覆蓋,後面是一個島。
跟這個島有什麼關係呢?看選項:
[A] across
[B] off
[C] under
[D] via
這裡要描述遺蹟和島的位置關係,我的第一反應是選B,因為off the island在新聞報刊中太常見了:
off 表示“離開”,但指的是剛剛脫離接觸,距離不算遠(away from 距離很遠),off the coast/island表示“在海岸/島附近”,相當於near the coast/island(新聞截圖中也出現了這個表達)。
但我稍微猶豫了一下,覺得“埋在島下”貌似也說得過去。但想了一下,這個島是被海平面淹沒的,不是被泥沙覆蓋,所以under不恰當。
6
In recent decades, shifting __6__ and climate change have eroded a natural barrier that __7__ Pavlopetri.
在最近幾十年,變化的什麼,和氣候變化,腐蝕了一個天然屏障,這個屏障怎麼這個地方。
看第6題的選項:
[A] currents
[B] rivers
[C] seasons
[D] winds
這個城市已經被淹沒了,在海水下面。eroded a natural barrier,能腐蝕到水下的東西,四個選項中只能是洋流 currents.
第一次接觸到這個含義是在《新概念三》第18課,標題中就出現了這個詞:
Electric currents in modern art
Electric currents是“電流”的意思。
current 作名詞泛指“流”,如水流、氣流、電流、(思想)潮流、趨勢,看幾個例句:
He swam to the shore against a strong current.他逆著急流遊向岸邊。 
Birds use warm air currents to help their flight. 鳥利用暖氣流助飛。
Ministers are worried by this current of anti-government feeling. 部長們對這股反政府情緒感到擔憂。
第7題我做錯了,先看選項:
[A] elevated
[B] separated
[C] comprised
[D] protected
原文:a natural barrier that __7__ Pavlopetri
天然屏障怎麼這個城市。
我選的是B separated,心裡想的是“把Pavlopetri和外界隔絕開”。
這麼想沒錯,但正確的表達應該是:separated Pavlopetri from sth 或 separated Pavlopetri and sth,如果沒有後半部分,只說separated Pavlopetri,那就是把這座城市一分為二了。
大意了,沒有閃。
正確答案是D protected,把它保護起來。從後文被發現可以判斷出,這座城市保留基本完整,沒有什麼破損,所以是“保護”。
7
In1967 a scientific survey of the Peloponnesian coast was __8__ data to analyze changes in sea levels __9__ British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken __10__.
a scientific survey of the Peloponnesian coast was __8__ data / to analyze…
他們什麼資料,是為了分析……
按照研究步驟,應先收集資料,再進行分析。所以8應該填gathering或collecting,看下選項:
[A] gathering
[B] restoring
[C] updating
[D] supplying
選A。
有一些題可以透過平時的閱讀積累或背景知識直接填出來。
繼續看:
to analyze changes in sea levels __9__ British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken __10__.
看到“to analyze changes in sea levels __9__ British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming”我也不知道這句話在講什麼,再看到後面“first spotted the sunken __10__”,有種感覺,“British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted…”像是定語從句(看了選項才知道是狀語從句),核心是“analyze changes in sea levels __9__”
看第9題選項:
[A] when
[B] until
[C] after
[D] once
前半句講收集資料,分析海平面變化,後半句講一位海洋學家發現了沉沒的(城市),這兩件事是同時發生的,用when連線,選A。
英語中若表示兩件事同時發生,即表示漢語中的“這時……”,會先講一件事,然後用when引入另一件事,此時when可以翻譯成“這時”,而不是“當什麼時候”。這種結構在外刊中不要太常見,但我一時沒找到例句,後面看到了再補。
繼續看:British oceanographer Nicholas Flemming first spotted the sunken __10__.
第10題應該是city、remains這類詞,看選項:
[A] belongings
[B] resources
[C] products
[D] structures
belongings指人的財物,機場、車站、地鐵等公共場所經常會看到這個詞:Please take care of your personal belongings。
resources是“資源”,如水、石油、天然氣。
products 是“產品”。
structures “結構”,綜上,D選項最恰當。這裡的structures是對前面city和remains的同義替換。
8
A year later, he returned with a few students to __11__ the location and map the site.
一年之後,他帶著幾個學生返回,什麼這個位置,並在地圖上標記出來。
這裡的 map 是動詞,表示“在地圖上標記”,2018年的《政府工作報告》中出現過這個詞:
…and mapped out an inspiring blueprint and a program of action for securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and for striving for the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era
……制定了決勝全面建成小康社會、奪取新時代中國特色社會主義偉大勝利的宏偉藍圖和行動綱領,具有重大現實意義和深遠歷史意義。
制定……的宏偉藍圖:map out an inspiring blueprint of…
看一下選項:
[A] preserve 保護
[B] select 選擇
[C] display 展現
[D] examine 檢查、考察(仔細、認真地看,帶有分析的意味)
感覺D有點像,但缺乏語境,不敢100%確定,繼續往下看。
9
The team identified some 15 buildings, courtyards, a network of streets, and two chamber tombs.
這個團隊認出了15個建築物、庭院、街道網路以及兩個墓室。
10
__12__ the exciting initial finds, the site would lie __13__ for decades before archaeologists would return.
XX這個令人激動的初始發現,這個遺蹟(該語境下site和remains是同義替換)幾十年來保持XX樣的狀態,直到考古學家返回。
Lie+形容詞或介詞,是英語中常見的表達方式,意思是“某物處於一種什麼狀態或位置”,lie也可以換成standsitstandremain,我們在《日本決定將福島核廢水排入大海》中講過這幾個詞。
before很多同學都翻譯成“在……之前”,其實在閱讀中,可以把它翻譯成“然後”更好理解一些。(before和until的意思是一樣的,都表示是在某件事之前發生的,所以前面翻譯成“直到”也沒錯)
before archaeologists would return,然後考古學家返回。(說明之前走了。)
選看選項13:
[A] unchallenged
[B] unknown
[C] unorganized
[D] undisturbed
AC和語境不搭,答案聚焦在BD上。
前面有first spotted the sunken和the exciting initial finds,說明已經被發現了,不可能unknown,所以是D。
這句話是說,有了令人激動的初始發現,然後考古學家走了,遺蹟沒有再被打擾,直到他們返回。
再看選項12:
[A] Despite
[B] Unlike
[C] Besides
[D] Among
exciting和undisturbed情感相反,前半句和後面是轉折關係,選A。儘管初始發現令人激動,但遺蹟沒有再被打擾。
11
In 2009 archaeologists Chrysanthi Gallou and Jon Henderson __14__ the excavation of Pavlopetri in cooperation with the Greek Ministry of Culture.
2009年,考古學家XX這個地方的挖掘,這項工作是和希臘文化部合作進行的。
閱讀中一定要注意時間線的變化,把時間用筆圈出來。
回顧一下上一段的時間線:
1967年首次發現。
第二年(a year later)也就是1968年教授帶著學生回來標記地圖。
幾十年(for decades)來不被打擾,直到他們返回。
然後這一段時間是2009,過去了40多年,說明這些專家學者們回來了。
excavation這個詞比較難,指“挖掘”,動詞是excavate,好像《新概念四》中出現過,《魚翅與花椒》中在描述吃蟹時用到了這個詞:
So I crushed the legs with the crushers and poked out their tender meat, excavated the frondy white flesh of the claws. Then I dipped the meat into a saucer of ginger-infused vinegar before popping it into my mouth.
我用蟹鉗夾斷蟹腿,掏出裡面軟嫩的蟹肉,還把蟹鉗裡面一絲絲白色的肉也挖出來了,接著拿肉蘸了蘸泡姜醋醬汁,再扔進嘴裡。  
看餓了,中午吃啥?
看14題的選項:
[A] suspended
[B] transferred
[C] resumed
[D] canceled
我們剛才分析了,他們返回了,所以是resume,恢復工作。
suspend 暫停(工作),這個詞可以用在前面:
Despite the exciting initial finds, archaeologists suspended their work before they would return decades later.
12
Since the 1960s, underwater archaeology __15__ and tools had made huge advances. The team __16__ robotics, sonar mapping, and state-of-the-art graphics to survey the site.
自從20世紀60年代,水下考古XX和工具有了巨大進步。團隊XX機器人技術、聲吶測繪、最先進的影像技術,來研究這個地方。
survey the site,有沒有想到前面的examine the site?以同義替換的形式告訴我們答案了,11題確定選examine。
state-of-the-art我們在《從經濟學人關於DeepSeek的報道中,分享兩個實用表達》中講過,表示“最先進的”,留言區還有很多同義補充:cutting-edge technologies = state-of-the-art technologies = leading technologies.
The team __16__ robotics, sonar mapping,該團隊使用了各種先進技術,第16題填used,看選項:
[A] ordered
[B] provided
[C] employed
[D] adjusted
選C,employed。
employ也有“使用”的意思,公眾號《“應對”除了 deal with 還可以怎麼說》《世界各國疫情梳理》中都講過,2020年考研英語(二)的Text3中也出現過:
Among other weaknesses, the measures cities must employ when left to tackle dirty air on their own are politically contentious, and therefore vulnerable.
城市在獨自應對氣候汙染時採取的措施存在許多薄弱點,其中之一就是會在政治上引發爭議,也因此較為脆弱。
太陽底下沒新鮮事。考研中的生詞短語,外刊中必然出現過。如果你拒絕讀外刊,就在拒絕積累表達。
B選項provided可能有一些誤導,該語境下,provide的主語應該是公司,他們提供工具,科研團隊是無法提供的,他們不生產工具,只使用工具。
看前面,第15題:
underwater archaeology __15__ and tools had made huge advances
and tools,既然並列,說明15題和tools是同一種類型,看選項:
[A] policies 政策
[B] theories 理論
[C] documents 檔案
[D] techniques 方法、工藝
techniques和tools屬於同一型別,選D。
13
From 2009 to 2013 they were able to bring the underwater town to __17__.
從2006到2013年間,他們把水下城市XX。
第17題大概是“重見天日”的意思。
看選項:
[A] effect
[B] light
[C] reality
[D]mind
bring sth to light,固定搭配,讓某物為人所知,林語堂的《蘇東坡傳》中出現過這個表達:
Chinese philological research was at its height in the Manchu dynasty; and many old editions came to light, particularly in the nation-wide scouring for ancient scripts and rare books in connection with the great Sze\u Chuanshu imperial library under Emperor Chienlung.
中國文字學研究在清朝達到鼎盛時期,眾多古籍版本得以重見天日,特別是在乾隆皇帝主持編纂《四庫全書》期間,舉國蒐羅古籍善本,使諸多珍貴文獻得以發掘。
many old editions came to light:眾多古籍版本得以重見天日。
如果是物作主語,則用come to light,看一個《哈利·波特與鳳凰社》裡的例句:
Startling new evidence has recently come to light that Sirius Black may not have committed the crimes for which he was sent to Azkaban.
最近,一項令人震驚的新證據浮出水面,表明小天狼星·布萊克或許並未犯下導致其被關押於阿茲卡班的罪行。
14
Covering about two and a half acres, Pavlopetri’s three main roads __18__ some 50 rectangular buildings, all of which had open courtyards.
這個城市覆蓋2.5平方英畝的面積,三條主幹道XX了50個建築,這些建築都有開放的庭院。
當時我猜這地方應該填connected,看了一下選項,確實。
這個用法記得在《新概念三》中出現過,做完題後我找了一下,是第8課的第1句:
The Great St Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy.
大聖伯納隘道連線瑞士與義大利。
(pass作名詞指“山道”)
看下其他選項,A,cross表示從中間穿過,主幹道從建築物中間穿過,這不可能,又不是重慶。
C,block,主幹道堵塞了建築,沒聽說過,buildings blocked main roads還差不多。
D,alter,驢唇不對馬嘴。
15
Excavations revealed a large number of Minoan-style loom weights, __19__ Pavlopetri was a thriving trade center with a __20__ textile industry.
考古挖掘發現了大量的某種風格的loom weights,XX這個地方曾是繁榮的貿易中心,擁有XX絲織產業。
Excavations是excavate的名詞,指“挖掘出來的東西”。作不可數名詞時,表示“挖掘”這個動作,是一個抽象名詞;作可數名詞時,指“挖掘出來的東西”,是具體名詞。
類似的名詞還有,building,作可數名詞時是“建築物”,指具體的東西,作不可數名詞時,指“建造”這個過程。
recording作可數名詞時指具體的“錄音/錄影製品”,作不可數名詞時,指錄製行為。
這樣的例子還有很多。
Minoan首字母大寫,是專有名詞,具體啥意思不用管,Minoan-style重點落在“style”,說明它是某種風格。
loom weights做題時我也不知道是什麼意思,但不影響做題,這句話前面是現象(發現),後面是結論,很明顯要用suggesting, meaning, indicating, saying這些詞。看一下選項:
[A] expecting
[B] suggesting
[C] predicting
[D] recalling
輕鬆選出B。
如果選A或C,說明你是用中文思維去想的,要多閱讀,習慣英文的表達方式。
loom有“織布機”的意思,weight是名詞,loom weights查了一下ChatGPT,解釋如下:
織機墜塊(loom weights)主要用於固定和拉緊經線,確保織布過程中經線保持穩定和均勻張力,常見於垂直織機(upright loom)。
was a thriving trade center with a __20__ textile industry
可以判斷出,20題應和thriving是同義詞,形容紡織業強大、繁榮。看一下選項:
[A] robust
[B] diverse
[C] marginal
[D] dependent
選A,robust,相當於strong,也可以用thriving, flourishing, prosperous等替換。
Teeming and vital, the city reminded me of a rain forest, the only other habitat that could support such extreme and robust variation among life-forms.
整座城市生氣勃勃,變化萬千,讓我想起雨林。除了雨林,沒有一個生物棲息地能像紐約一樣,滋養如此繽紛的生命形式。
《政府工作報告》的英文版中很喜歡用這個詞,因為這個詞太積極了,能讓人聯想到一派欣欣向榮、穩中向好的局面。如2024年:
…we adopted a full range of robust and effective policies…
……打出有力有效的政策組合拳……
2023年:
Large financial institutions registered sound growth, financial systems operated in a robust and stable manner, and we ensured that no systemic risks arose.
大型金融機構健康發展,金融體系穩健執行,守住了不發生系統性風險的底線。
…took robust action in response to natural disasters to forestall any large-scale relapse into poverty.
……有力應對災情等不利影響,確保不發生規模性返貧。
2021年:
Creating a robust domestic market and fostering a new development pattern.
形成強大國內市場,構建新發展格局。
這樣的例子很多,不再舉了。
再看其他選項:[B] diverse
with a diverse textile industry
這種表述是沒問題的,但不符合語境(thriving)。

2025年考研英語一的完型填空講到這裡,大家有不懂的可以在下面留言,我們一起交流討論。
課後作業:把做題思路搞清,把語言點背過。
如果大家喜歡,請點贊留言告訴我,我會繼續更新閱讀理解 Part A 和 Part B。
感謝閱讀!
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