科技領域，中國開放的大門只會越開越大

嫦娥六號月球背面“挖土”，中國“天眼”遠望黑洞“脈搏”，九章三號求解高斯玻色取樣數學問題比超級計算機快一億億倍……

近幾年，中國在科技領域的突破、創新數不勝數，面對“小院高牆”，面對“脫鉤”“去風險”，中國科技工作者一次次用亮眼成績彰顯了實力。古語有云，“合則強，孤則弱”。中國也一次次用更加積極開放的姿態擁抱科技，擁抱世界：嫦娥六號著陸器攜帶了歐空局的月表負離子分析儀、法國的月球氡氣探測儀和義大利的雷射角反射器。

那麼，在科技領域，中國是否將出臺更大力度的開放政策？如何解決基礎創新能力不足問題？如何因地制宜發展新質生產力？

中國科學技術發展戰略研究院黨委書記劉冬梅解答了這些問題。

圖源：視覺中國

自立自強不等於關起門來

中國將出臺更大力度開放政策

從國家層面看，我們一直說的是走中國特色的自主創新道路，加快高水平的科技自立自強。

At the national level, we have always emphasized on following a path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics, and accelerating high-level technological self-reliance and strength.

但同時，我們也一再強調自主創新、科技自立自強不等於關起門來自己搞自主創新。自立自強和對外開放不是相互矛盾，而是相互促進的。

Simultaneously, our national development strategy has repeatedly stressed that emphasizing independent innovation and technological self-reliance does not mean isolating ourselves. Technological self-reliance and openness are not contradictory but mutually reinforcing.

黨的二十大報告說，中國堅持對外開放的基本國策，堅定奉行互利共贏的開放戰略。

The 20th Party Congress report states that China adheres to the basic policy of opening-up and firmly pursues a win-win strategy.

更形象地比喻一下，自立自強和開放創新的關係，就像一個個體，你自己越強大，你交往的圈子、平臺就會越高，對個人發展就越有利。

A more vivid analogy of the equation between self-reliance and open innovation is that of individuals: The stronger you become, the higher your social and professional circles and platforms, which is beneficial for your personal development.

我相信大家可以見證中國在科技領域推出更大力度的對外開放政策。

I believe everyone will witness China introducing more vigorous policies for opening-up in the technology sector in the future.

提高基礎創新能力

為科研人員鬆綁

我們旨在提高原始創新能力，鼓勵研究人員在基礎研究和應用創新方面進行更具前瞻性和風險性的工作。

We aim to enhance original innovation capabilities and encourage researchers to undertake more forward-looking and risky work in basic and applied research.

未來非共識專案的遴選問題，應該得到特別關注。另外就是營造鼓勵創新、寬容失敗的工作環境，對科研人員也是非常重要的。這樣大家才能甘坐冷板凳，在長週期的研究中靜下心來取得實質性的突破。

In the future, special attention should be paid to the selection of non-consensus projects. Creating an environment that encourages innovation and tolerates failure is crucial for researchers. This allows researchers to engage in long-term studies and achieve substantial breakthroughs.

營造寬容失敗的環境是從事基礎研究不可或缺的外部條件。

A tolerant environment is an essential external condition for conducting fundamental research.

圖源：視覺中國

強化企業創新主體地位

企業是出題人也是閱卷人

從需求側來看，我們要強化企業在科技創新中的主體地位。要充分發揮企業出題人、答題人和閱卷人的作用。

From the demand side, we should strengthen the primary role of enterprises in technological innovation. Enterprises should fully act as question setters, solvers, and evaluators.

企業在市場中摸爬滾打，最懂客戶需求，對技術感知也最敏銳。它們對產業發展趨勢把握最準確，所以必須不斷強化企業在科技創新中的主體地位。

Enterprises are the ones truly immersed in the market, understanding customer needs and having a keen sense of technology. They accurately grasp industry trends, so we must continually strengthen their primary role in technological innovation.

由企業提出技術需求，然後在答題的過程中，聯合高校、科研院所等國家研發主力軍，來共同完成答題。而閱卷，就是“題答得好不好”，要看最後企業應用得順不順暢。

They should propose technical needs and collaborate with universities and research institutes — the main forces in national R&D — to solve problems. Evaluation will show if enterprises can smoothly apply the solutions.

發揮企業的作用，讓市場成為配置科技創新資源的決定力量，才能提升這個科技成果的使用效率。

Thus, utilizing enterprises and letting the market allocate tech innovation resources can improve the efficiency of utilizing tech outcomes.

創新中心引領新質生產力發展

應該建立以若干有全國影響力的科技創新中心為支撐，若干區域性創新中心為輔助的區域創新網路化佈局。這應該是科技創新支撐引領新質生產力發展的著力點。

We should establish a networked layout of regional innovation, supported by several nationally influential technology innovation centers and supplemented by several regional innovation centers. This should guide and support the development of new quality productive forces through tech innovation.

比如三個國際科技創新中心：北京、上海、粵港澳大灣區在科技資源的富集程度、科技實力方面具有無可比擬的優勢。

Currently, our focus is on three international tech innovation centers: Beijing, Shanghai, and the Greater Bay Area, which have unparalleled advantages in tech resources and strength.

它們應該在未來產業、戰略性新興產業方面做出更多的探索和實踐，搶佔這個科技的制高點，來為新質生產力的發展謀劃更多的可能。

They should explore more in the field of future industries and strategic emerging industries. They should seize the tech high ground to plan more possibilities for new quality productive forces.

另外就是還有一些區域性的創新中心，應該更多地結合本地區的實踐，來透過適用技術，或者透過已有技術的應用轉化，來促進傳統產業和戰略性產業的轉化升級。

Regional innovation centers should integrate local practices, applying and transforming existing technologies to promote the upgrade of traditional and strategic industries.

這樣透過不同層級的科創中心的引領作用、帶動作用和輻射作用，來促進整個國家以科技創新推動新質生產力發展，因地制宜發展新質生產力。

By leveraging the leading, driving and radiating roles of various levels of innovation centers, the nation can promote the development of new quality productive forces through tech innovation. Tailored approaches will enhance the role of tech innovation in developing new quality productive forces.