在24日和26日,政府連續出臺了強有力的貨幣和財政政策,成功扭轉了經濟預期。在短短的三天內,上證指數上漲了9%,富時中國A50指數上漲16%。上一次出現類似的單週暴漲行情,還是在2014年。
今天,我們將一起聽音訊、閱讀幾段來自《商業時報》(Business Times)的報道:
Chinese equities have lagged major markets all year, despite a series of piecemeal measures authorities have rolled out to revive the anemic economy and lift stock prices.
This week’s measures were sweeping. The package of rate cuts and, importantly for markets, an US$114 billion facility to fund stock purchases showed Beijing’s new urgency to cure the world’s second-biggest economy of deflation and a distressed property market.
Chinese stocks soared, with the blue chip index CSI300 wiping out its losses for the year and set for the strongest weekly performance since 2022. The yuan rose to a 16-month high against the US dollar.
下面一起來精讀:
1
Chinese equities have lagged major markets all year, despite a series of piecemeal measures authorities have rolled out to revive the anemic economy and lift stock prices.
儘管當局之前出臺了一系列擠牙膏式的措施以提振疲弱的經濟和股市,但今年以來,中國股市一直落後於主要市場。
equity作可數名詞講,有“股票”的意思,近義詞有share或stock,stock 泛指公司發行的所有股份,翻譯成“股票、股本”,shares 通常用於指具體的股票單位。例如:
I have invested in tech stocks.
這裡"stocks" 泛指科技公司發行的股票這個整體。
Apple's stock has risen by 10% this year.
這裡的 "stock" 指的是蘋果公司發行的所有股票的總體價值。
I own 50 shares of Tesla.
這裡的 "shares" 指的是特斯拉公司的50股股票單位。
lag 意思是“落後”,常見搭配為lag behind“落後於”,例如:
The company lagged behind its competitors.
該公司落後於其競爭對手。
lag也可以作名詞,主要搭配有:jet lag,表示“時差”,還有 time lag,指兩件相關事件的“時間間隔”,例如:
There is a long time lag between when I do the work and when I get paid.
我做工作和領薪水之間相隔很長一段時間。
piecemeal 意思是“零碎的、逐漸的”,meal有一箇舊義指“衡量”(measure),曾在中世紀廣泛作為構詞成分用於piecemeal(一件一件的;逐個地),inchmeal(一點一點地;慢慢的),cupmeal,dropmeal,limbmeal,littlemeal,pennymeal,poundmeal等複合詞上,意思是“一次所取的量或部分”,但除了頭兩個詞,其餘的今已廢棄不用。例如:
Everything is being done piecemeal.
每件事都逐個完成。
看一個《唐頓莊園》裡的例句:

它的同義替換有:incremental, gradual, bit by bit, by degrees, gradually, little by little,前兩個是形容詞,後面是副詞。
文中piecemeal measures可以翻譯成“擠牙膏式的措施”。當時之所以採取這種漸進式的措施,主要是擔心刺激力度過大,導致類似於2008年四萬億計劃那樣的後果,引發房價飛漲、通貨膨脹。因此,選擇了逐步推進的方式。
roll out字面意思是展開或鋪開,隱喻為“逐步推出、實施”,後面加新措施、新產品等,可以和introduce, implement, launch等詞替換。
補充一個短語:roll out the red carpet for,字面意思是“為某人鋪紅地毯”,引申為“熱烈歡迎某人”,看一個《經濟學人》裡的例句:
Vladimir Putin, Russia’s president, rolled out the red carpet for Mr Kim last month.
在 roll out 中間加個連字元 roll-out,變成名詞形式,例如《經濟學人》關於區塊鏈的報道中有一句話:
The Norwegian seafood industry is hoping the roll-out of blockchain technology will enhance the reputation of its products.
挪威海產品行業希望,區塊鏈技術的推出可以提高其產品的信譽。
anemic [əˈniːmɪk] 本義是“貧血的”,名詞形式是anaemia [əˈniːmiə] “貧血症”,在經濟領域,形容經濟“疲軟的、缺乏活力的”,此外,也可以用weak, sluggish, stagnant, depressed等詞形容。
《破產姐妹》第二季裡也出現過這個詞:

lift stock prices 把股票價格提上去,即“推動股市上漲”,其中lift也可以換成boost, raise,prop up elevate, drive up等。
2
This week’s measures were sweeping. The package of rate cuts and, importantly for markets, an US$114 billion facility to fund stock purchases showed Beijing’s new urgency to cure the world’s second-biggest economy of deflation and a distressed property market.
本週的措施則更為全面。這一攬子措施包括利率下調以及一項1140億美元資金安排,用於支援股票購買,這對市場非常重要。此舉顯示出北京迫切解決全球第二大經濟體通縮問題和房地產市場的困境。
sweeping 在這裡的意思是“全面的、影響廣泛的”,它源自動詞sweep(掃除),原本指大範圍清掃,在形容政策或措施時,表示其影響範圍廣泛,全面而徹底,和前面的piecemeal 是一對反義詞,同義替換有comprehensive, extensive,broad等。
看一句《老爸老媽的浪漫史》裡的臺詞:

再來看第二句話,主幹為:
The package of…showed Beijing’s new urgency to…
…的一攬子措施展現了北京…的急迫性。
package指“包裹、一套東西”,the package of意思是“一攬子(措施、政策等)”。
the package of後面接了兩個名詞短語:
1)rate cuts
2)an US$114 billion facility to fund stock purchases
rate cuts指“降息”,這裡的cut是名詞。也可以說interest rate reductions.
an US$114 billion facility中,US$114 billion是形容詞修飾facility。facility在金融領域中常用於指為特定目的提供的資金,或提供資金支援的機制或安排,常見的搭配有a loan facility 貸款安排,a credit facility 信貸安排,看個例句:
The company secured a $50 million credit facility to expand its manufacturing operations."
這家公司獲得了一筆5000萬美元的信貸安排,用於擴充套件其製造業務。
a distressed property market中,distressed 也可以用前文講的anaemic等詞替換。property market = real estate market,指“房地產”。
3
Chinese stocks soared, with the blue chip index CSI300 wiping out its losses for the year and set for the strongest weekly performance since 2022. The yuan rose to a 16-month high against the US dollar.
中國股市隨之大漲,藍籌股指數滬深300抹去了今年以來的全部跌幅,並創下自2022年以來最強勁的單週表現。人民幣對美元匯率升至16個月來的新高。
with the blue chip index CSI300 wiping out its losses for the year and set for the strongest weekly performance since 2022是with引導的狀語結構,若還原成句子形式是:
The blue chip index CSI300 wiped out its losses for the year and was set for the strongest weekly performance since 2022.
當變成with結構,有be動詞則去掉be動詞;若無be動詞,則將動詞改為-ing形式。
blue chip index 意思是“藍籌指數”,blue chip來源於撲克牌遊戲中的藍色籌碼,通常表示高價值。在金融市場中,blue chip 指的是那些財務穩定、聲譽良好、業績優異的大型公司。
index意思是“指數”,它可以表示一組股票或某個股市的整體表現。
wipe out意思是“消除、抹去”,wiping out its losses for the year 是說,該指數已經消除了全年累計的虧損,也就是 recover its losses“收復失地”。
《復仇者聯盟4:終局之戰》中也出現過這個詞:

be set for 表示“即將有、預期會有”,文中的 "set for the strongest weekly performance" 意思是預期會達到最強的單週表現。
against the US dollar是貨幣市場中常見的說法,意思是“相對於美元”,The yuan rose to a 16-month high against the US dollar意思是:人民幣兌美元的匯率升至16個月來的最高水平。
表示匯率,用against或to,例如,“人民幣兌美元匯率”用英語可以說the exchange rate of the yuan against the US dollar,或the yuan-to-dollar exchange rate.
股市有風險,入市須謹慎。
今天講到這裡,感謝閱讀!
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