黎巴嫩尋呼機爆炸,外媒怎麼報道?丨《紐約時報》丨精讀丨時政

9月17日下午,黎巴嫩多地發生尋呼機爆炸事件,各大外媒對此事進行了廣泛報道。我從《紐約時報》的報道中挑選了三段文字,與大家分享。
這三段文字詳細描述了尋呼機爆炸後人們的恐慌情緒,全文可在文末檢視。
The pagers began beeping just after 3:30 in the afternoon in Lebanon on Tuesday, alerting Hezbollah operatives to a message from their leadership in a chorus of chimes, melodies, and buzzes.
But it wasn’t the militants’ leaders. The pagers had been sent by Hezbollah’s archenemy, and within seconds the alerts were followed by the sounds of explosions and cries of pain and panic in streets, shops and homes across Lebanon.
Powered by just a few ounces of an explosive compound concealed within the devices, the blasts sent grown men flying off motorcycles and slamming into walls, according to witnesses and video footage. People out shopping fell to the ground, writhing in agony, smoke snaking from their pockets.
下面開始精讀:
1
The pagers began beeping just after 3:30 in the afternoon in Lebanon on Tuesday, alerting Hezbollah operatives to a message from their leadership in a chorus of chimes, melodies, and buzzes.
週二下午三點半剛過,在黎巴嫩,尋呼機開始響起,各種鈴聲、旋律和嗡鳴此起彼伏,提醒真主黨特工注意領導層發出的資訊。
這句話的主幹是:The pagers began beeping 尋呼機開始響起。
主幹後面補充了尋呼機響起的時間和地點:just after 3:30 in the afternoon in Lebanon on Tuesday 週二下午三點半剛過,在黎巴嫩。
接下來,又透過分詞狀語的結構,補充了人物行為:alerting Hezbollah operatives to a message from their leadership 提醒真主黨特工注意領導層發出的資訊。
最後,句子以介詞短語的方式,進行了環境描寫:in a chorus of chimes, melodies, and buzzes 在各種鈴聲、旋律和嗡鳴聲中。
pager

指的是“尋呼機”,其詞源來自“page”。歷史上,“

page

”這個詞曾用來指代為貴族或官員傳遞訊息的小僕人。隨著時間的推移,這個動詞逐漸演變為“呼叫某人”的意思。例如:

Why don't you have him paged at the airport? 

你為何不在機場擴音喇叭上呼叫他呢?
再看一個《實習醫生格蕾》裡的例句:
後來隨著技術的發展,出現了一種便攜裝置,專門用於接收資訊並提醒持有人,使得人們能夠被“呼叫”。因此,這種裝置被稱為 “pager”,即一種可以呼叫或尋人的裝置,“尋呼機”。
alert sb to sth指to inform or warn someone about something they might not know, especially if it’s important or urgent. 提醒某人注意某事。注意,這裡的to是介詞,後面加名詞或動名詞,看兩個例句:
The system alerts users to potential threats.
系統警告使用者注意潛在威脅。
The doctor alerted me to the risk of side effects.
醫生提醒我注意副作用風險。
文中alerting Hezbollah operatives to a message from their leadership意思是:提醒真主黨特工注意領導層發出的資訊。
Hezbollah [,hezbə'lɑ:] 是黎巴嫩的一個什葉派武裝組織,以其對以色列的對抗著稱。
Operatives 指的是執行秘密或特別任務的人員,尤指從事軍事、情報等行動的成員。
Hezbollah operatives 可以翻譯成“真主黨組織行動人員”。
chorus [ˈkɔːrəs] 源自古希臘戲劇,指一群人在舞臺上同時演唱或說話的場景,在音樂領域中指“合唱隊、合唱部分”。文中in a chorus of chimes, melodies, and buzzes的意思是許多尋呼機同時發出各種聲音,類似於一個合奏。
chimes, melodies, and buzzes:分別指不同的聲音型別,chimes 是鐘聲或鈴聲,melodies是旋律或音樂聲,buzzes是蜂鳴聲或震動聲。
a chorus of 這個短語可以描述多種聲音、意見、情感或反應同時出現的情況,例如:
1. 描述聲音
As the sun set, the forest came alive in a chorus of chirps, croaks, and rustling leaves.
森林裡的各種聲音(蟲鳴、青蛙叫聲、葉子沙沙聲)在同一時間響起,形成一種交響樂般的效果。
2. 情感或反應
The new decision was met with a chorus of disapproval from citizens .
這項新決策引發了公民共同的強烈反對。
The proposal was greeted by a chorus of support from environmental groups.
環保組織對這項提議表現出一致的支援。
3. 社交媒體或公眾討論
描述在某一話題上,社交媒體或公眾意見的湧現。
The news of the celebrity’s engagement was followed by a chorus of congratulations and well-wishes online.
這位名人的訂婚訊息在網上引發了大量的祝賀和祝福。
總之,a chorus of 強調的是“同時發出”的概念,適用於描述聲音、情感、反應、意見等,突出不同聲音或反應的同步性。
2
But it wasn’t the militants’ leaders. The pagers had been sent by Hezbollah’s archenemy, and within seconds the alerts were followed by the sounds of explosions and cries of pain and panic in streets, shops and homes across Lebanon.
但資訊不是來自武裝分子的領導人。這些呼叫是由真主黨的死敵傳送的,提醒聲響起後的幾秒鐘裡,黎巴嫩各地的街道、商店和家宅響起了爆炸聲和痛苦、恐慌的呼喊聲。
第二句的主幹是:The pagers had been sent by Hezbollah’s archenemy, and the alerts were followed by the sounds of explosions and cries of pain and panic. 這些呼叫是由真主黨的死敵傳送的,緊隨著訊息聲,是爆炸聲和痛苦、恐慌的呼喊聲。
the alerts were followed by…前面跟了個時間狀語結構:within seconds,指“在幾秒之內”。
cries of pain and panic後面跟了個介詞短語,補充了爆炸聲和呼喊聲出現的位置:in streets, shops and homes across Lebanon 在黎巴嫩各地的街道、商店和家宅。
archenemy  [ˌɑːtʃˈenəmi] 的意思是“宿敵、死敵”,從構詞角度看,"Arch-" 是一個字首,源自希臘語 "arkhos" 意為“首要的”或“主要的”,如 "archbishop"(大主教)或 "archrival"(主要對手)。"Enemy" 意思是“敵人”。合起來 archenemy 便是“宿敵、死敵”的意思,可以用foe, adversary替換。
cry在這裡是熟詞僻義,作名詞,指“喊叫聲”。
3
Powered by just a few ounces of an explosive compound concealed within the devices, the blasts sent grown men flying off motorcycles and slamming into walls, according to witnesses and video footage. People out shopping fell to the ground, writhing in agony, smoke snaking from their pockets.
爆炸僅僅靠的是隱藏在裝置中的幾盎司爆炸性化合物,據目擊陳述和影片片段,爆炸使成年男子從摩托車上飛起,撞向牆壁。外出購物的人倒在地上,痛苦地扭動著身體,口袋裡冒出煙霧。
第一句話的主幹是the blasts sent grown men flying off motorcycles and slamming into walls 爆炸使成年男子從摩托車上飛起,撞向牆壁。
主幹前面有一個過去分詞短語“Powered by just a few ounces of an explosive compound concealed within the devices”,用作狀語,表示原因或方式,解釋了爆炸是由什麼驅動的。
其中“concealed within the devices”是過去分詞形式的後置定語,修飾an explosive compound,指“隱藏在裝置中的幾盎司爆炸性化合物”。
第二句中,主幹是People fell to the ground 人們倒在地上。
out shopping是現在分詞短語,作後置定語,修飾主語people,它表示“正在外購物的”人們。
writhing in agony是分詞形式的狀語,補充fell to the ground的伴隨動作。
smoke snaking from their pockets是獨立主格形式,補充了細節。
ounce [aʊns] 是一種重量單位,意思是盎司,1 盎司約等於 28.35 克,國際黃金價格就是以“盎司”為單位,例如下圖,當前國際黃金價格是2647,指2647美元/盎司。
send sb/sth doing 是一種固定表達,表示導致某人某物立即做某事,通常有一種突然發生的、不受控制的意思。例如:
The noise sent the birds flying into the sky.
那聲音使得鳥兒驚飛。
The shock sent him reeling.
那震驚讓他站立不穩。
The explosion sent debris falling in every direction.
爆炸使碎片四散。
writhe 讀[raɪð],“w”不發音,它的意思是“扭動”,通常表示因極度痛苦或不適而劇烈地扭動身體,可以和squirm、twist替換。文中writhing in agony意思是“痛苦地扭動著身體”。看一個《豪斯醫生》裡的例句:
His hair should be coming out in clumps before he's writhing in pain.
在遍體痛楚之前,頭髮應該大量脫落。
snake 本義是蛇,在這裡是動詞,表示像蛇一樣蜿蜒、纏繞。此處帶有一種比喻的效果,強調了煙霧像蛇一樣扭曲流動。看兩個例句:
The road snaked away into the distance.

公路蜿蜒伸向遠方。
The procession snaked its way through narrow streets.

隊伍沿著狹窄的街道曲折穿行。
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