成年人不會當大人,這屆年輕人需要“補補課”丨經濟學人精讀丨社會

小時候以為,長大是自然發生的事。可在美國,越來越多二三十歲的“成年人”發現,自己連選醫保都不會,只能站在公司走廊裡打電話問爸媽。於是,一種專門教人“怎麼當大人”的課程悄然興起。從理財、報稅,到做飯、維繫關係,adulting課試圖填補成長中被遺漏的空白。這屆年輕人,真的需要“補補課”。
我們看一篇《經濟學人》的報道。
掃碼閱讀原文,包含原文、譯文、音訊,可點選查詞:
接下來從原文中挑選部分內容,進行講解:
1
ACC has been running such programmes for six years. The workshops are designed to help people “successfully navigate adulthood”, even those who, legally and practically, have been navigating it for quite some time. The topics run the gamut from basic—how to dress appropriately for a job interview—to advanced, such as how file income taxes. 
ACC開設這類課程已有六年之久,旨在幫助人們“順利邁入成年生活”,即便有些學員在法律意義上早已是成年人,也已實際步入社會多年。課程內容涵蓋廣泛,從最基礎的“如何得體地穿著參加面試”,到更復雜的“如何申報個人所得稅”。
navigate 是個很生動實用的小詞,原義是to steer or direct the course of a ship, aircraft, or vehicle(導航、駕駛),此處引申為“成功應對、處理(複雜或困難的情境)”,寫作中可以替換handle, manage, cope with, deal with 等詞,使語言更生動形象。
舉個例子,在大學生活、求職的話題中,我們可以說:
College students must learn to navigate the pressures of academic life and future career planning.
大學生必須學會應對學業壓力與未來職業規劃的多重考驗。
美劇《生活大爆炸》裡也出現過這種用法:
navigate certain aspects of daily life:應對日常生活的某些方面。
run the gamut from…to… 意思是“涵蓋從……到……的所有範圍”,指範圍之廣,常用於舉例。gamut 原意是“音樂全音階”,引申為“整個範圍”。
這個短語的同義替換有:
range from… to…
span the spectrum from… to…
include everything from… to…
看幾個例句:
Environmental issues run the gamut from local pollution to global climate change.
環境問題涵蓋從區域性汙染到全球氣候變化等多個層面。
The museum’s collection spans the spectrum from prehistoric tools to modern digital art.
該博物館藏品內容廣泛,從史前工具到現代數字藝術一應俱全。
Their policies range from economic reform to social justice.
他們的政策舉措涵蓋經濟改革與社會公正等多個領域。
再看個《大西洋帝國》裡的例句:
2
A financial naif will grasp the basics of investing. A mansplainer will come away reminded of the rewards of listening.
一名財務“小白”可以在書中掌握投資入門知識,而那些愛說教的人也會意識到“傾聽”所帶來的意義。
financial naif 指“在金融領域很幼稚或無知的人”,也就是“金融小白”,naif = naive。
表示“新手、小白”,還可以說novice, beginner, rookie, greenhorn, layman.
mansplainer 英文解釋是a man who explains something (typically to a woman) in a condescending, overconfident, and often inaccurate or unnecessary manner. “喜歡居高臨下講道理的男性”,中文裡有個詞與之完美對應:爹味兒。
從構詞角度看,mansplain = man + explain,愛解釋的男人。
美劇《辛普森一家》中出現過 mansplainer 的動詞形式 mansplain:
表示“爹味”,也可以用father-knows-best tone,例如:
His advice came with a strong father-knows-best vibe that irritated everyone.
他所提出的建議帶有一種“爹味”口吻,引發眾人不滿。
3
Yet, as the aphorism goes, common sense is not so common.
然而,正如一句諺語所言,“常識並不常見”。
as the aphorism goes 表示“正如俗語/格言所說”,相當於:
As the saying goes
As the proverb has it
As the old adage goes
這個短語適用於寫作中引入名言警句,增強論證效果。在六級寫作中,常見“哲理名言類”題型。以2020年9月六級第三套為例,我們用該句型寫一個開頭。
題目要求是:
For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the saying “Wealth of the mind is the only true wealth.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
開頭段可以這樣寫:
As the aphorism goes, “Wealth of the mind is the only true wealth.” In a society obsessed with material gain, this saying serves as a powerful reminder of the enduring value of intellectual and emotional richness. True fulfillment, after all, lies not in possessions, but in perspective.
正如那句格言所言:“心靈的富有才是真正的富有。”在一個對物質追逐日益強烈的社會中,這句話有力提醒人們,精神與情感的豐盈才是長久不衰的財富。畢竟,真正的滿足,不在於擁有多少財物,而在於擁有怎樣的眼界與格局。
4
They are shrinking from responsibilities such as marriage, homeowning and child-rearing because “adulting is hard”, as one of his students put it. Western culture, Mr Hayward wrote, indulges childish fancies.
他們迴避婚姻、購房和養育子女等責任事務,正如他一位學生所言:“做大人太難了。”海沃德認為,西方文化對“孩子氣”的興趣和偏好予以縱容,削弱了成年擔當。
shrink from responsibilities是“逃避責任”的意思,shrinks from = 避免、逃避、對……畏縮不前,同義替換有:shy away from, recoil from, evade, dodge,看幾個例句:
She tends to shy away from difficult conversations.
她往往回避那些棘手的對話。
Politicians sometimes recoil from making tough decisions.
有時,政治人物在面對艱難決策時也會有所退縮。
再看一個《復仇者聯盟2:奧創紀元》裡的例句:
成年人的生活不僅僅是“長大”那麼簡單,學會理財、做飯、溝通——這些技能,才是真正的“成人”必修課。也許,真正的成長,是在不斷發現自己不會做的事後,再勇敢去學。“成人”之路,永遠在補課。
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