來源：翻譯大傻
譯者按：《華爾街日報》(The Wall Street Journal)獲取了以軍發現的哈馬斯高層會議記錄檔案，檔案顯示，2023年10月7日，哈馬斯發動對以色列的突襲，目的是破壞以色列與沙特的正常化談判，以防巴勒斯坦議題被邊緣化。根據以色列軍方在加沙發現的會議記錄，哈馬斯早在兩年前就籌劃此次襲擊，並得到伊朗支援。襲擊引發以軍大規模報復，造成逾5.3萬名巴勒斯坦人死亡，也暫時中斷了沙以談判程序。檔案還顯示，哈馬斯對阿拉伯國家與以色列關係正常化日益警惕，並加緊與真主黨等組織協調，試圖透過暴力手段遏制這一趨勢。
(伊朗街頭的葉海亞·辛瓦爾畫像)
Top leaders of Palestinian Islamist group Hamas launched their Oct. 7, 2023, attack on Israel aiming to torpedo peace negotiations between Israel and Saudi Arabia, according to minutes of a high-level meeting in Gaza that Israel’s military said it discovered in a tunnel beneath the enclave.
據以色列軍方稱，他們在加沙地帶一條地道中發現了一份哈馬斯高層會議的會議記錄。該記錄顯示，巴勒斯坦“伊斯蘭組織”哈馬斯的高階領導人發動了2023年10月7日對以色列的襲擊，目的是破壞以色列與沙烏地阿拉伯之間的和平談判。
Days before the assault that left nearly 1,200 dead, Yahya Sinwar, Hamas’s Gaza chief, told fellow militants that an “extraordinary act” was required to derail the normalization talks that he said risked marginalizing the Palestinian cause, the document, reviewed by The Wall Street Journal, said.
這份經過《華爾街日報》稽核的資料稱，那場造成近1200人死亡的襲擊發生前的幾天，哈馬斯在加沙的領導人葉海亞·辛瓦爾(Yahya Sinwar)告訴其他武裝同僚，必須採取“一項非常行動”來阻止正在進行的沙以關係正常化談判，因為他認為這些談判有邊緣化巴勒斯坦事業的風險。
The plan worked—at a terrible price.
這個計劃達到了目的——但代價高昂。
Iran-backed Hamas’s onslaught of killing and kidnapping sparked an Israeli military campaign to destroy the militants that has killed more than 53,000 Palestinians, according to Gaza health authorities, and left the territory in ruins. That has fueled anger across the Arab world and beyond, halting progress toward normalization, at least for now.
由伊朗支援的哈馬斯在襲擊中大規模殺戮和綁架平民，引發了以色列的軍事行動，目標是摧毀哈馬斯。根據加沙衛生部門的資料，以色列的軍事行動已造成超過5.3萬名巴勒斯坦人死亡，並將加沙變成了廢墟。這場衝突激起了整個阿拉伯世界乃至更廣泛地區的憤怒，也使得以沙關係正常化的程序暫時陷入停滯。
President Trump, visiting Riyadh on Tuesday, acknowledged as much, calling on Saudi Arabia to establish relations with Israel but saying, “You’ll do it in your own time.”
美國總統特朗普週二(5月13日)訪問沙特時也承認了這點，他呼籲沙特與以色列建立關係，但也表示：“你們可以在合適的時候再做決定。”
(2023 年 10 月 2 日哈馬斯領導層的會議記錄，葉海亞·辛瓦爾在會議上稱，需要採取“非常行動”來對抗以色列–沙特正常化)
The meeting minutes—from an Oct. 2, 2023, gathering of Hamas’s political bureau in Gaza—cite Sinwar as saying, “There is no doubt that the Saudi-Zionist normalization agreement is progressing significantly.” He warned a deal would “open the door for the majority of Arab and Islamic countries to follow the same path.”
會議記錄顯示，哈馬斯政治局於2023年10月2日在加沙召開會議，辛瓦爾在會上表示：“毫無疑問，沙特–猶太復國主義者的關係正常化協議正迅速推進。”他警告稱，一旦達成協議，“將為多數阿拉伯和伊斯蘭國家開啟效仿之門”。
For Sinwar and Hamas, who have called for total destruction of Israel and the creation of a Palestinian state between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea, this was unacceptable. Sinwar said it was time to unleash an attack that had been in the planning stages for two years. The goal, he said, is “to bring about a major move or a strategic shift in the paths and balances of the region with regard to the Palestinian cause.” He expected to get help from the other Iranian-backed forces of the so-called axis of resistance to Israel.
對於辛瓦爾和哈馬斯來說，這種趨勢是不可接受的。他們一貫主張徹底摧毀以色列，在約旦河與地中海之間建立一個巴勒斯坦國。辛瓦爾稱，是時候發動一場已籌劃兩年的襲擊了。他說，這次襲擊的目標是“在巴勒斯坦問題上引發中東地區路徑與力量平衡的重大變動或戰略性轉折”。他預計，來自所謂“反以軸心”的其他伊朗支援勢力將提供協助。
Hamas didn’t respond to a request for comment on the authenticity of the document or its contents. Arab intelligence officials familiar with Hamas and its records said the document appears to be genuine, as do others the Israeli military says it found in Gaza.
哈馬斯沒有回應關於這份檔案真實性及其內容的置評請求。熟悉哈馬斯及其內部檔案的阿拉伯情報官員表示，這份檔案看起來是真實的，以色列軍方在加沙發現的其他檔案也是如此。
Those documents, reviewed by the Journal, show mounting concern among Hamas leaders about the progress of U.S.-brokered talks between Israel and Saudi Arabia. Officials of all three countries were saying in 2023 that differences were narrowing.
《華爾街日報》稽核的這些檔案顯示，哈馬斯領導人對美國牽頭的以沙談判不斷取得進展日益擔憂。美國、以色列，以及沙特官員在2023年時曾表示，彼此間的分歧正在縮小。
This newest cache of Hamas records adds a new link in the chain of events leading up to Oct. 7, 2023, the deadliest day for Israelis since the country’s founding.
這批哈馬斯內部檔案為導致2023年10月7日那場襲擊——以色列建國以來最致命的一天——的事件鏈增添了新的線索。
The Journal, citing senior members of Hamas and Hezbollah, has reported that another meeting connected to the attack took place on Oct. 2 that year, this one in Beirut involving representatives of Hamas and Iranian security officials. Iran approved the planned attack, those people said. Other Hamas and Hezbollah officials have disputed that, saying details of the attack, including the scope and the date, were kept tightly under wraps by Hamas’s military wing in Gaza.
《華爾街日報》此前曾援引哈馬斯和黎巴嫩真主黨高層的訊息稱，另一場與襲擊有關的會議也是在2023年10月2日舉行的，地點在貝魯特，參與者包括哈馬斯代表和伊朗安全官員。訊息人士稱，伊朗批准了該襲擊計劃。但其他哈馬斯和真主黨官員對此表示異議，稱襲擊的細節，包括規模和時間，是由哈馬斯在加沙的軍事部門嚴格保密的。
Senior officials from Iran and Hezbollah had been discussing attack options with Hamas since the summer of 2021. Iran also gave Hamas weapons, financing and training over a long period, including combat training in the weeks before Oct. 7, according to intelligence officials from several countries. But Tehran and Hezbollah made it clear to Hamas that they didn’t want to end up in a direct, all-out war with Israel, according to officials from the axis as well as Israeli intelligence.
自2021年夏季以來，伊朗與哈馬斯一直在討論各種襲擊選項。多國情報官員指出，伊朗在長時間內向哈馬斯提供了武器、資金和培訓，包括在2023年10月7日之前數週的實戰訓練。但據“反以軸心”以及以色列情報機構的官員稱，伊朗與真主黨已明確告知哈馬斯，他們並不希望最終捲入與以色列的全面戰爭。
Many of the figures directly involved in planning the Oct. 7 attacks are now dead. Sinwar was killed by Israeli troops in Gaza last October. Most of Hamas’s other top leaders in Gaza have also been killed, including some who were present at the Oct. 2 political bureau meeting, such as Marwan Issa. Israel has also killed top Hamas leaders in exile, including Ismail Haniyeh, who was the most powerful person in the movement along with Sinwar. On Tuesday, an Israeli airstrike in Gaza targeted Sinwar’s brother, Mohammed, head of Hamas’ military operations; it wasn’t clear whether he had been killed.
目前，直接參與策劃2023年10月7日襲擊的多位哈馬斯關鍵人物已被擊斃。辛瓦爾於去年10月在加沙被以軍擊殺，其他多名出席2023年10月2日政治局會議的哈馬斯高層也已被擊斃，其中包括馬爾萬·伊薩(Marwan Issa)。以色列還擊斃了流亡海外的哈馬斯領導人，包括與辛瓦爾齊名、曾是該組織最具權力的伊斯梅爾·哈尼亞(Ismail Haniyeh)。週二(5月13日)，以色列在加沙的一次空襲以辛瓦爾的兄弟、哈馬斯軍事行動負責人穆罕默德·辛瓦爾為目標，但是否將其擊斃尚不確定。(譯者注：最新訊息顯示，穆罕默德·辛瓦爾已確定被擊斃)
Among the other internal Hamas documents found by the Israeli military and reviewed by the Journal was a September 2023 report that recommended escalating the conflict in the West Bank and Jerusalem to make Saudi-Israeli normalization more difficult. The report expressed mistrust of Saudi pledges to uphold Palestinian interests, calling them “weak and limited steps to neutralize” Hamas and stop it from fighting back against normalization. Saudi relations with the Iranian-backed Hamas had been frosty ever since Hamas violently wrested control of the Gaza Strip from rival Palestinian faction Fatah.
以軍稱發現的哈馬斯其他內部檔案中，還包括一份2023年9月的報告，建議在約旦河西岸和耶路撒冷加劇衝突，以阻止沙特與以色列的關係正常化。該報告對沙特在維護巴勒斯坦利益方面的承諾表示不信任，稱這些承諾是“微弱且有限的手段”，意在“瓦解哈馬斯、阻止其對抗沙以關係正常化程序”。自哈馬斯以武力奪取加沙、擊敗其對手法塔赫以來，與沙特的關係就一直處於冰點。
(哈馬斯軍事簡報警告說阿以正常化將摧毀巴勒斯坦事業；哈馬斯政治分析報告中建議約旦河西岸和耶路撒冷的衝突升級。)
An internal briefing marked “secret” from August 2022, written by Hamas’s military leadership, concludes: “It has become the duty of the movement to reposition itself to … preserve the survival of the Palestinian cause in the face of the broad wave of normalization by Arab countries, which aims primarily to liquidate the Palestinian cause.” In response, Hamas was strengthening its coordination with Hezbollah as well as other Palestinian militant factions, the briefing says.
另一份標註為“機密”的2022年8月內部簡報，由哈馬斯軍事領導層撰寫，總結道：“(哈馬斯的)運動必須重新定位自身於……以在阿拉伯國家大規模正常化浪潮面前保住巴勒斯坦事業的生存。”簡報指出，這些正常化嘗試的根本目的在於“清除巴勒斯坦問題”。作為回應，哈馬斯正加強與真主黨及其他巴勒斯坦武裝派別的協調。
Saudi-Israeli normalization would mark the biggest change in Israel’s political standing in the Middle East since it signed peace treaties with Jordan and Egypt decades ago. In 2020, Israel also established full diplomatic relations with the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, agreements known as the Abraham Accords. But a deal with Riyadh has long been the true prize for Israel—and a major goal for Washington, as it seeks to organize a regional coalition to contain Iran.
沙以關係正常化將成為以色列自數十年前與約旦和埃及簽署和平協議以來，在中東政治格局上的最大突破。2020年，以色列還與阿聯酋和巴林建立了全面外交關係，即“亞伯拉罕協議”。然而，與沙特的協議一直被視為以色列真正的“夢寐以求的結果”，也是美國希望實現的重大外交成果，以建立一個地區聯盟來遏制伊朗。
The heavy toll of death and destruction in Gaza has changed the political calculus for Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. The prince has told a number of foreign visitors in the past year that he can’t proceed with normalization unless Israel meets two conditions: halting the war in Gaza, and agreeing to a diplomatic process would eventually lead to a Palestinian state. But the Oct. 7 attack hardened attitudes in Israel, potentially for years to come. Palestinian statehood has become anathema for most of the Israeli political spectrum.
但加沙戰爭造成的大量人員傷亡和毀滅性破壞，已改變了沙特王儲薩勒曼(Mohammed bin Salman)的政治考量。他在過去一年多次告訴外國訪客，沙特不會推動正常化，除非以色列滿足兩個條件：停止在加沙的戰爭，並同意開啟一個最終建立巴勒斯坦國的外交程序。但10月7日的襲擊也使以色列的內部態度進一步強硬，這種影響可能持續數年。現在，在以色列大多數政治派別中，巴勒斯坦建國的前景幾乎成為禁忌。
(沙特王儲薩勒曼)
Also among the documents that Israel’s military said it found is a Hamas job advertisement from October 2022, seeking a person to spearhead diplomatic efforts to derail normalization. It isn’t clear where the advertisement was posted—or how much the job paid. The vacancy at Hamas’s Department of Arab and Islamic Cooperation sought a university graduate skilled in negotiation and communication. Part of the job description: “Marketing the movement’s programs to confront normalization,” including by getting grassroots organizations in the Arab world to boycott entities that supported normal relations with Israel.
以色列軍方稱發現的檔案中還包括一份2022年10月釋出的哈馬斯招聘廣告，內容是為反對沙以關係正常化程序尋找一位“外交先鋒”。目前尚不清楚該廣告的釋出平臺或薪酬水平。這則出自哈馬斯“阿拉伯和伊斯蘭合作部”的招聘啟事，要求應聘者具備大學學歷，精於談判與溝通。工作描述的一部分內容為：“推介本運動反對正常化的方案”，包括動員阿拉伯世界的基層組織聯合抵制支援與以色列關係正常化的機構與實體。
(哈馬斯透過對以色列發動致命襲擊來破壞沙以關係正常化的計劃成功了，但在加沙卻付出了高昂的代價)
素材來源官方媒體/網路新聞