體檢報告上的“結節”二字常令人緊張。乳腺、甲狀腺、肺結節究竟是什麼？又該如何“散結”？這些食物或許能成為健康管理的助手。
Discovering a nodule during a health checkup can be worrying. Here's what you need to know about nodules and some dietary suggestions to improve your health.
nodule /ˈnɑːdʒuːl/：結節
柑橘類水果：氣滯人群的天然選擇
柑橘類水果（如橘子）渾身是寶。陳皮理氣化痰，橘絡化痰通絡，橘核祛痰散結，橘葉常用於乳腺疾病調理。其芳香成分有助於舒緩情緒，適合乳腺增生、結節及甲狀腺結節等氣滯人群。
Citrus fruits like oranges contain compounds in their peels, pulp, and seeds traditionally used to ease phlegm. Their aromatic compounds soothe emotions, benefiting those with qi stagnation, nodules, or breast and thyroid issues.
phlegm /flem/：痰
山楂：活血化瘀的小能手
山楂活血化瘀，可抑制結節生長。現代研究顯示，山楂對高血脂、糖脂代謝異常人群有益，有助於預防血管斑塊或血栓形成。
Hawthorn improves blood flow, resolves blood stasis, and may inhibit nodule growth. Studies show it benefits those with high blood lipids and metabolic issues, helping prevent vascular plaque and blood clots.
蒲公英：消腫散結的“天然藥箱”
蒲公英清熱解毒，擅長消散體表疔瘡腫毒。但其“散結”主要指皮膚癤腫，而非內臟結節，需辨證使用。
Dandelion, valued for its anti-inflammatory properties, is often used for skin conditions like boils but has no proven role in treating internal nodules.
科學認知：結節≠癌症
中醫認為結節多與痰溼瘀阻相關,如胃腸息肉、血管斑塊、火癤子。西醫則視“結”為異常組織增生，如乳腺結節、甲狀腺結節、肺結節等。要注意的是，絕大多數結節為良性，無需過度恐慌。
Nodules are small, abnormal tissue masses that can form in organs like the lungs, thyroid, or breasts. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, they are linked to imbalances such as "phlegm-dampness" or blood stagnation. Western medicine views them as abnormal tissue growth.
如果發現肺結節：小於4毫米時無需額外處理；4～6毫米的結節需要定期做胸部CT；大於6毫米的結節則需要就醫治療。
Most nodules are benign. For example, lung nodules smaller than 4 mm often need no intervention, while larger ones may require annual CT scans and nodules larger than 6 mm need medical treatment.
如果發現甲狀腺或乳腺結節：依據C-TIRADS或BI-RADS分類，1-2類風險較低，無需額外處理，而3類以上則需要就醫隨訪。
關鍵提醒：理性應對，拒絕焦慮
果蔬不能直接消除結節，但均衡飲食、心情愉悅、規律作息是防病基礎。發現結節時，科學隨訪遠比盲目“散結”更重要。
Fruits and vegetables cannot directly eliminate nodules, but a balanced diet, a positive mood, and regular routines form the foundation of disease prevention. When nodules are detected, scientific follow-up is far more important than blindly attempting to eliminate them.
編輯：弓玥琪
實習生：張慶微
來源：新華社
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