【雙語】政府工作報告全文（2025年）

本文轉載自：英文巴士

本文來源自：新華網

政府工作報告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

——2025年3月5日在第十四屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議上

Delivered at the Third Session of the 14th National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of China on March 5, 2025

國務院總理李強

Li Qiang

Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

Fellow Deputies,

現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，並請全國政協委員提出意見。

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and also for comments from members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).

一、2024年工作回顧

I. A Review of Our Work in 2024

過去一年，我國發展歷程很不平凡。黨的二十屆三中全會勝利召開，對進一步全面深化改革、推進中國式現代化作出部署。我們隆重慶祝中華人民共和國成立75週年，極大激發了全國各族人民的愛國熱情和奮鬥精神。一年來，面對外部壓力加大、內部困難增多的複雜嚴峻形勢，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民砥礪奮進、攻堅克難，經濟執行總體平穩、穩中有進，全年經濟社會發展主要目標任務順利完成，高質量發展紮實推進，新質生產力穩步發展，我國經濟實力、科技實力、綜合國力持續增強，中國式現代化邁出新的堅實步伐，更加堅定了我們在新時代新徵程全面建設社會主義現代化國家的決心和信心。

The year 2024 was a truly remarkable year in China’s development journey. At its third plenary session, the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) set forth plans for further deepening reform comprehensively to advance Chinese modernization. We celebrated the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, greatly inspiring patriotism and dedication in the Chinese people of all ethnic groups.

Over the past year, in the face of complex and challenging developments marked by mounting external pressures and growing domestic difficulties, we, the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, have overcome difficulties and continued to forge ahead under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core.

We ensured overall stable performance and steady growth of the economy and accomplished the main goals and tasks for economic and social development in 2024. Solid headway was made in pursuing high-quality development and fostering new quality productive forces. China’s economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, and composite national strength continued to rise, and solid new strides were made in advancing Chinese modernization. These achievements have filled us with even greater confidence and resolve as we press forward on the new journey to build a modern socialist country in all respects in the new era.

“穩”的態勢鞏固延續。主要表現在，經濟規模穩步擴大，國內生產總值達到134.9萬億元、增長5%，增速居世界主要經濟體前列，對全球經濟增長的貢獻率保持在30%左右。就業、物價總體平穩，城鎮新增就業1256萬人、城鎮調查失業率平均為5.1%，居民消費價格上漲0.2%。國際收支基本平衡，對外貿易規模創歷史新高，國際市場份額穩中有升，外匯儲備超過3.2萬億美元。民生保障紮實穩固，居民人均可支配收入實際增長5.1%，脫貧攻堅成果持續鞏固拓展，義務教育、基本養老、基本醫療、社會救助等保障力度加大。重點領域風險化解有序有效，社會大局保持穩定。

Stable performance was consolidated and sustained, as demonstrated in the following areas:

Steady expansion of the economy: China’s gross domestic product (GDP) rose to 134.9 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5 percent. China ranks among the world’s fastest-growing major economies, continuing to contribute about 30 percent to global economic growth.

Generally stable employment and prices: A total of 12.56 million urban jobs were created, and surveyed urban unemployment rates averaged 5.1 percent. The consumer price index (CPI) increased by 0.2 percent.

A basic equilibrium in the balance of payments: Foreign trade reached a record high, and the global market share of China’s exports increased steadily. Foreign exchange reserves surpassed 3.2 trillion US dollars.

Steady progress in ensuring the people’s wellbeing: Per capita disposable income grew by 5.1 percent in real terms. Achievements made in poverty alleviation were further consolidated and expanded, and greater support was provided for compulsory education, basic old-age insurance, basic medical insurance, and social assistance. Well-ordered and effective steps were taken to defuse risks in key areas, helping ensure overall social stability.

“進”的步伐堅實有力。主要表現在，產業升級有新進展，糧食產量首次躍上1.4萬億斤新臺階、畝產提升10.1斤；高技術製造業、裝備製造業增加值分別增長8.9%、7.7%，新能源汽車年產量突破1300萬輛；資訊傳輸軟體和資訊科技服務業、租賃和商務服務業增加值分別增長10.9%、10.4%。創新能力有新提升，積體電路、人工智慧、量子科技等領域取得新成果；“嫦娥六號”實現人類首次月球背面取樣返回，“夢想”號大洋鑽探船建成入列；技術合同成交額增長11.2%。生態環境質量有新改善，地級及以上城市細顆粒物（PM2.5）平均濃度下降2.7%，優良天數比例上升至87.2%，地表水優良水質斷面比例提高到90.4%；單位國內生產總值能耗降幅超過3%；可再生能源新增裝機3.7億千瓦。改革開放有新突破，紮實有力落實黨的二十屆二中、三中全會改革部署，機構改革全面完成，構建全國統一大市場、漸進式延遲法定退休年齡等重大改革舉措陸續推出；製造業領域外資准入限制措施全部取消，共建“一帶一路”貿易投資合作不斷擴容升級。

Strong and solid progress was achieved, as shown in the following areas:

New advancements in industrial upgrading: Grain output hit a new high of 700 million metric tons, with the yield per hectare rising by 75.75 kilograms. The value added of high-tech manufacturing and equipment manufacturing rose by 8.9 percent and 7.7 percent respectively, and the output of new-energy vehicles passed the 13 million mark. The value added increased by 10.9 percent in the sectors of information transmission, software, and IT services and by 10.4 percent in leasing and business services.

Further enhancements in innovation capacity: New achievements were made in integrated circuits, artificial intelligence (AI), quantum technology, and other areas. The Chang’e-6 mission completed humanity’s first-ever sample collection from the far side of the moon, and the Mengxiang ocean drilling vessel was delivered and commissioned. The value of technology contract transactions increased by 11.2 percent.

New improvements in the environment: In cities at and above the prefectural level, the average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) fell by 2.7 percent, and the proportion of days with good or excellent air quality rose to 87.2 percent. The proportion of surface water with a good quality rating reached 90.4 percent. Energy consumption per unit of GDP dropped by more than 3 percent, and installed renewable energy capacity grew by 370 million kilowatts.

New breakthroughs in reform and opening up: We implemented the reform plans adopted at the second and third plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee with solid and effective steps, which included completing the reform of government institutions across the board, adopting major reform measures for building a unified national market, and gradually raising the statutory retirement age. All market access restrictions on foreign investment in the manufacturing sector were lifted, and trade and investment cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative was steadily expanded and upgraded.

回顧過去一年，成績來之不易。外部環境變化帶來的不利影響持續加深，國內長期積累的一些深層次結構性矛盾集中顯現，內需不振、預期偏弱等問題交織疊加，區域性地區洪澇等自然災害頻發，保持經濟社會平穩執行的難度加大。面對多重困難挑戰，我們加力實施存量政策，適時最佳化宏觀調控，積極有效應對。特別是堅決貫徹落實9月26日中央政治局會議果斷部署的一攬子增量政策，推動經濟明顯回升，社會信心有效提振，既促進了全年目標實現，也為今年發展奠定了良好基礎。在這個過程中，我們深化了對經濟工作的規律性認識，進一步認識到黨中央集中統一領導是做好經濟工作的根本保證，必須統籌好有效市場和有為政府、總供給和總需求、培育新動能和更新舊動能、做優增量和盤活存量、提升質量和做大總量的關係。實踐再次表明，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，全國上下聚力攻堅，我國發展沒有闖不過的難關。

Our achievements in 2024 did not come easily. The adverse impact of changes in the international environment increased, and some deep-seated structural problems that had been building up in the country for years came to a head. Sluggish domestic demand was compounded by weak public expectations along with other issues, and natural disasters like floods occurred frequently in some parts of China. All this added to the difficulty of maintaining economic and social stability.

However, we responded to this array of difficulties and challenges with both active and effective steps: We redoubled efforts to implement adopted policies and improved macro regulation in a timely manner. In particular, we took firm actions to implement a package of new policies that was decided on by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee at a meeting on September 26. This led to a notable rebound in the economy and effectively boosted public confidence, ensuring the fulfillment of our goals for 2024 and laying a good foundation for development in 2025.

In the course of this, we deepened our understanding of the laws governing economic work and became more keenly aware that the centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is essential to doing our economic work well. It is also clear that we must properly handle the relationships between an efficient market and a well-functioning government, between aggregate supply and demand, between fostering new growth drivers and upgrading old ones, between optimizing allocation of new resources and making the best use of existing ones, and between enhancing quality and expanding total output. What we have achieved once again proves that under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and with the dedicated efforts of our people across the country, we can prevail over any difficulty in pursuing development.

一年來，我們深入學習貫徹習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想，堅定維護以習近平同志為核心的黨中央權威和集中統一領導，把黨的領導貫穿政府工作各方面全過程，全面貫徹落實黨的二十大和二十屆二中、三中全會精神，按照黨中央決策部署，主要做了以下工作。

Last year, we continued to deepen our understanding of and apply Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, firmly upheld the authority of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core and its centralized, unified leadership, followed Party leadership in every aspect and throughout the process of government work, and fully implemented the guiding principles from the 20th CPC National Congress and the second and third plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee. Acting on the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee, we mainly did the following work:

一是因時因勢加強和創新宏觀調控，推動經濟回升向好。去年一季度經濟開局良好，但受國內外多方面因素影響，進入二季度以後主要指標連續走低，下行壓力加大。我們加強逆週期調節，聚焦突出問題針對性施策，緊抓存量和增量政策落實，推動需求較快回升，生產增長加快，市場預期明顯改善，全年經濟執行呈現前高、中低、後揚態勢。有力實施財政貨幣政策，擴大支出規模，加強重點領域財力保障，兩次下調存款準備金率和政策利率，社會融資成本進一步降低。圍繞擴大有效需求，紮實推進“兩重”建設，加力支援“兩新”工作，裝置購置投資增長15.7%，家電類商品零售額增長12.3%。推動房地產市場止跌回穩，下調住房貸款利率和首付比例，居民存量房貸利息年支出減少約1500億元，降低交易環節稅費水平，紮實推進保交房工作。積極穩定資本市場，加快完善基礎性制度，創設互換便利、回購增持再貸款等工具，市場活躍度上升。一次性增加6萬億元地方專項債務限額置換存量隱性債務。穩妥推進地方中小金融機構改革化險。

1. We took more robust and innovative measures in conducting macro regulation in light of evolving conditions and promoted economic recovery and growth.

In 2024, China’s economy got off to a good start in the first quarter. However, affected by various external and internal factors, major economic indicators began to decline from the second quarter on, adding to the downward pressure on the economy. We acted to strengthen counter-cyclical adjustments, took targeted measures to address prominent issues, and ensured the implementation of policies already adopted and new ones. As a result, we achieved a rapid recovery in demand, accelerated growth of production, and saw a notable improvement in market expectations. Over the course of the year, China’s economy went from a strong start to a midyear dip before closing the year on an upward trend.

We made a strong push to implement fiscal and monetary policies. We expanded government spending to ensure funding for key areas. Meanwhile, required reserve ratios and policy interest rates were both lowered on two occasions, further bringing down overall financing costs. To expand effective demand, we took solid steps to implement major national strategies and enhance security capacity in key areas. We also increased support for a new round of large-scale equipment upgrades and consumer goods trade-in programs, driving investment in equipment purchases up by 15.7 percent and retail sales of home appliances up by 12.3 percent.

Efforts were made to stem the downturn and restore stability in the real estate market. We reduced interest rates for housing loans and the ratios of down payments, and achieved an annual reduction of about 150 billion yuan in interest payments for existing mortgages. Taxes and fees on housing transactions were also cut, while solid progress was made in ensuring the timely delivery of housing projects.

We worked actively to maintain stable performance of the capital market. We moved faster to refine foundational systems and introduced new monetary policy tools, including a swap facility for securities, funds, and insurance companies and a lending facility for share buybacks and shareholding increases, which led to a surge in market activity. As a one-time policy step, we raised the ceiling for local government special-purpose bonds by six trillion yuan to replace existing hidden debts. We also prudently advanced reforms to defuse risks in local small and medium financial institutions.

二是堅定不移全面深化改革擴大開放，增強發展內生動力。清理廢除妨礙全國統一市場的規定做法，制定實施公平競爭審查條例，出臺規範地方招商引資的措施。深化國有企業改革，持續最佳化國有經濟佈局。提請全國人大常委會審議民營經濟促進法草案，改善民營經濟發展環境。積極拓展外貿新增長點，進出口結構不斷最佳化，外貿出口對經濟增長貢獻增大。全面實施跨境服務貿易負面清單。開展增值電信、生物技術、獨資醫院開放試點。加大單邊開放力度，對所有同中國建交的最不發達國家產品全面給予零關稅待遇。擴大單方面免籤國家範圍，過境免籤境內停留時間延長至240小時，入境旅遊持續升溫。高質量共建“一帶一路”成效顯著，一批重大工程、民生專案穩步實施。

2. We deepened reform and opening up comprehensively with unswerving commitment and boosted the internal momentum of development.

We overhauled and abolished regulations and practices impeding the development of a unified national market, formulated and implemented regulations on fair competition review, and adopted measures to regulate steps taken by local governments to attract investment. We further reformed state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and continued to improve the layout of the state-owned sector. We submitted a draft of the private sector promotion law to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPC) for deliberation and improved the development environment for the private sector.

We actively fostered new growth drivers for foreign trade and steadily improved the import and export mix. These efforts enabled exports to contribute more to China’s economic growth. We fully applied the negative list for cross-border trade in services and launched opening-up trials for value-added telecom services, biotechnology, and wholly foreign-owned hospitals. We expanded unilateral opening up, adopting zero tariffs on all products from all the least developed countries that have diplomatic relations with China. We offered unilateral visa waivers to more countries and extended visa-free transit stays to 240 hours, thus bringing about a sustained surge in inbound tourism. Impressive strides were made in pursuing high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, and steady progress was secured in a number of major projects and public wellbeing programs.

三是大力推動創新驅動發展，促進產業結構最佳化升級。推進科技強國建設，全面啟動實施國家科技重大專項，加快完善重大科技基礎設施體系，加強拔尖創新人才培養。穩定工業經濟執行，推進製造業技術改造升級，製造業投資增長9.2%。新培育一批國家級先進製造業叢集，商業航天、北斗應用、新型儲能等新興產業快速發展。制定修訂環保、安全等強制性國家標準。加快數字中國建設，數字經濟核心產業增加值佔國內生產總值比重達到10%左右。

3. We made major efforts to promote innovation-driven development and upgraded the industrial structure.

To boost China’s strength in science and technology, we rolled out major national science and technology programs across the board, worked faster to improve major science and technology infrastructure, and redoubled efforts to cultivate first-class innovators.

We ensured stable performance in the industrial sector and advanced technological transformation and upgrading in the manufacturing sector, which saw a 9.2-percent increase in investment. We fostered a new batch of national-level advanced manufacturing clusters and achieved rapid growth in emerging industries, including commercial space, applications of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, and new types of energy storage. Mandatory national standards such as those for environmental protection and safety were formulated or revised. Thanks to swift development of the Digital China Initiative, the value added of core industries of the digital economy rose to about 10 percent of GDP.

四是統籌城鄉區域協調發展，最佳化經濟佈局。出臺實施新型城鎮化戰略五年行動計劃，紮實推進城市更新，常住人口城鎮化率提高到67%。堅持不懈夯實農業基礎，防災減災和綜合生產能力穩步提高，鄉村全面振興取得新成效。出臺一批區域發展政策，實施一批區域重大專案，健全主體功能區制度政策，區域融合發展取得新進展。

4. We advanced coordinated development between urban and rural areas and between different regions and improved the economic layout.

We rolled out a five-year action plan for implementing the new urbanization strategy and made solid progress in urban renewal, while the share of permanent urban residents in the total population climbed to 67 percent. We continued efforts to consolidate the foundations of agriculture and steadily built up the agricultural sector’s capacity for disaster prevention and mitigation and overall production. New achievements were made in advancing all-around rural revitalization.

We secured further headway in promoting integrated regional development by introducing a range of regional development policies, implementing a set of major regional programs, and improving functional zoning systems and policies.

五是積極發展社會事業，增進民生福祉。出臺促進高質量充分就業的政策措施，強化對企業吸納就業的支援，高校畢業生、脫貧人口、農民工等重點群體就業保持穩定。推進教育強國建設。提高義務教育階段家庭經濟困難學生生活補助標準。國家獎助學金提標擴面、助學貸款提額降息，惠及學生3400多萬人次。鞏固“雙減”成果，持續最佳化基礎教育生態。推進醫療機構檢查檢驗結果互認，擴大基層慢性病、常見病用藥種類。紮實做好重點傳染病防治。擴大職工醫保個人賬戶共濟範圍。提高城鄉居民基礎養老金和退休人員基本養老金。深化養老服務改革，制定促進銀髮經濟發展的政策。強化殘疾人權益保障。提高優撫補助標準。健全低保標準確定和調整機制，拓展救助物件範圍。向困難群眾發放一次性生活補助，惠及1100多萬人。完善全國年節及紀念日放假辦法。繁榮發展文化事業和文化產業，文化和旅遊市場持續活躍。紮實籌辦第九屆亞洲冬季運動會，成功舉辦第十二屆全國少數民族傳統體育運動會，我國體育健兒在巴黎奧運會取得境外參賽最好成績。

5. We actively developed social programs and improved the people’s wellbeing.

We adopted new policy measures to promote high-quality and full employment, supported businesses in creating new jobs, and ensured stable employment among key groups, including college graduates, people lifted out of poverty, and rural migrant workers.

We worked to build a strong educational system for China. Living allowances were increased for students with financial difficulties in the compulsory education stage. We increased the standards and expanded the coverage of government scholarships and grants. The cap on government-subsidized student loans was raised and the interest rates were lowered. Students across the country benefited from these measures on over 34 million occasions. We consolidated the gains of initiatives launched to relieve students of excessive burdens from homework and off-campus tutoring, bringing about a further improvement in the basic education environment.

We made continued progress in advancing mutual recognition of clinical test results from different medical institutions and permitted community clinics to prescribe a wider range of medicines for chronic and common diseases. We took concrete steps to prevent and control key infectious diseases. Under the basic medical insurance scheme, urban workers were granted greater scope to use personal accounts for family members. Basic old-age benefits for rural and non-working urban residents and basic pension benefits for retirees were increased.

We deepened the reform of elderly care services and formulated policies to promote the development of the silver economy. We strengthened safeguards for the rights and interests of people with disabilities and increased subsidies for entitled groups. We improved the mechanism to set and adjust subsistence allowance standards and expanded the coverage of this program. We provided one-off living allowances to over 11 million people in difficulty.

We refined the measures for national public holidays and memorial days. Cultural programs and industries were boosted, and cultural and tourism markets continued to thrive. We made good preparations for the 9th Asian Winter Games and successfully hosted the 12th National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minorities of the People’s Republic of China. Chinese athletes achieved their best overseas Olympic performance at the Paris Olympics.

六是持續加強生態環境保護，提升綠色低碳發展水平。強化生態環境綜合治理，主要汙染物排放量繼續下降。深入實施重要生態系統保護和修復重大工程，荒漠化、沙化土地面積持續“雙縮減”。生物多樣性保護取得積極成效，大量珍稀瀕危野生動植物種群穩步增長。推動重點行業節能降碳改造，推進新能源開發利用，非化石能源發電量佔總發電量的比重接近40%。啟動全國溫室氣體自願減排交易市場。全國碳排放權交易更趨活躍。

6. We continued to strengthen environmental protection and promoted green and low-carbon development.

We stepped up comprehensive efforts to improve the environment and achieved yet another drop in the discharge of major pollutants. We implemented major projects for protecting and restoring key ecosystems and realized a further reduction in the areas of both deserts and sandy lands. Progress was made in biodiversity conservation and the populations of many rare and endangered wildlife species increased steadily. We pushed ahead with upgrading in key industries for energy conservation and carbon reduction and advanced the development and use of new energy sources. The share of electricity generated from non-fossil fuels increased, accounting for close to 40 percent of total power generation. We launched the National Voluntary Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Trading Market, and carbon emissions trading in China became increasingly brisk.

七是加強政府建設和治理創新，保持社會和諧穩定。貫徹落實黨中央全面從嚴治黨戰略部署，嚴格落實中央八項規定精神，紮實開展黨紀學習教育，大力整治形式主義、官僚主義，切實為基層減負，深入治理群眾身邊的不正之風，持續加強黨風廉政建設和反腐敗鬥爭。深入推進依法行政。提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案19件，制定修訂行政法規28部。自覺依法接受監督。認真辦理人大代表建議和政協委員提案。加強行政執法監督，規範涉企行政檢查。推出兩批“高效辦成一件事”重點事項清單，推動線上線下服務能力整體提升。開展推動高質量發展綜合督查。創新和完善社會治理。加強矛盾糾紛排查化解，推進信訪工作法治化。強化應急管理和安全生產，開展燃氣、電動腳踏車等安全隱患全鏈條專項整治。有效防範應對洪澇、颱風、地震等自然災害。完善國家安全體系。嚴防極端案事件發生，依法嚴懲惡性犯罪，全力保障人民群眾生命財產安全和社會穩定。

7. We enhanced government performance and governance innovation and ensured social harmony and stability.

We implemented the Party Central Committee’s strategic plans for conducting full and rigorous Party self-governance, strictly complied with the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on improving work conduct, and launched an initiative to increase awareness of Party discipline. We made a major push to address pointless formalities and bureaucratism so as to lighten the burdens on those working on the ground, intensified efforts to rectify misconduct directly affecting people’s lives, and kept working to improve conduct, build integrity, and combat corruption.

We advanced law-based government administration. We submitted 19 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the NPC for deliberation and formulated or revised 28 administrative regulations. We readily accepted oversight in compliance with the law and handled with keen attention recommendations from NPC deputies and proposals by CPPCC National Committee members. We stepped up supervision over administrative law enforcement and regulated administrative inspections on enterprises.

We rolled out two lists of major matters covered by one-stop government services and boosted our overall ability to provide online and offline services. General inspections were launched to assess progress toward high-quality development. We developed new and better ways of conducting social governance. We redoubled efforts to identify and defuse conflicts and disputes and put the handling of public complaints on a solid legal footing.

We improved emergency management and workplace safety and adopted whole-of-chain approaches to tackling safety hazards such as those related to gas and electric bikes. We took effective measures to guard against and respond to floods, typhoons, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. We improved the national security system, adopted rigorous measures to prevent the occurrence of critical incidents and cases, and cracked down hard on major crimes in accordance with the law. In doing so, we protected our people’s lives and property and ensured social stability.

過去一年，中國特色大國外交開創新局面。習近平主席等黨和國家領導人出訪多國，出席上海合作組織峰會、金磚國家領導人會晤、亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、二十國集團領導人峰會、東亞合作領導人系列會議等重大多雙邊活動。成功舉辦中非合作論壇北京峰會、和平共處五項原則發表70週年紀念大會、中阿合作論壇部長級會議等重大主場外交活動。推動構建人類命運共同體，鞏固拓展全球夥伴關係，堅持真正的多邊主義，在應對全球性挑戰和解決國際地區熱點問題中發揮積極建設性作用。中國為促進世界和平與發展作出了重要貢獻。

In 2024, we made new advances in conducting major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. President Xi Jinping and other Party and state leaders visited many countries and attended major bilateral and multilateral events, including the Astana Summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the 16th BRICS Summit, the 31st APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting, the 19th G20 Summit, and the leaders’ meetings on East Asian cooperation. China also hosted several major diplomatic events at home, such as the Beijing Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, the Conference Marking the 70th Anniversary of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, and the 10th Ministerial Conference of the China-Arab States Cooperation Forum.

We continued to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. We consolidated and expanded partnerships across the globe, stayed committed to true multilateralism, and played a positive and constructive role in addressing global challenges and resolving regional and international hotspot issues. With these efforts, China made important contributions to peace and development in the world.

過去一年取得的成績，根本在於習近平總書記領航掌舵，在於習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想科學指引，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民團結奮鬥的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示衷心感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示衷心感謝！向關心和支援中國現代化建設的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示衷心感謝！

We owe our achievements in 2024 to General Secretary Xi Jinping, who is at the helm charting the course, and to the sound guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We also owe them to the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and to the concerted efforts of the whole Party, the armed forces, and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups.

On behalf of the State Council, I express sincere thanks to all our people, and to all other political parties, people’s organizations, and public figures from all sectors of society. I express heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas. I also express sincere thanks to the governments of other countries, international organizations, and friends across the world that have shown understanding and support for us in China as we pursue modernization.

在肯定成績的同時，我們也清醒看到面臨的問題和挑戰。從國際看，世界百年變局加速演進，外部環境更趨複雜嚴峻，可能對我國貿易、科技等領域造成更大沖擊。世界經濟增長動能不足，單邊主義、保護主義加劇，多邊貿易體制受阻，關稅壁壘增多，衝擊全球產業鏈供應鏈穩定，對國際經濟迴圈造成阻礙。地緣政治緊張因素依然較多，影響全球市場預期和投資信心，加劇國際市場波動風險。從國內看，經濟回升向好基礎還不穩固，有效需求不足，特別是消費不振。部分企業生產經營困難，賬款拖欠問題仍較突出。群眾就業增收面臨壓力。民生領域存在短板。一些地方基層財政困難。社會矛盾化解和風險防範工作還需要加強。政府效能和依法行政能力有待提升。一些工作協調配合不夠，有的政策落地偏慢、效果不及預期。有的部門服務觀念不強、辦事效率不高。一些幹部亂作為、不作為、不善為，一些領域和地方腐敗問題依然多發。我們既要正視困難問題，更要堅定發展信心。我國具有顯著的制度優勢，有超大規模市場、完備產業體系、豐富人力人才資源等諸多優勢條件，有長遠規劃、科學調控、上下協同的有效治理機制，有需求升級、結構最佳化、動能轉換的廣闊增量空間，經濟長期向好的基本趨勢沒有改變也不會改變，我國經濟航船必將乘風破浪、行穩致遠！

While recognizing our achievements, we are keenly aware of the problems and challenges that confront us.

Internationally, changes unseen in a century are unfolding across the world at a faster pace. An increasingly complex and severe external environment may exert a greater impact on China in areas such as trade, science, and technology. Global economic growth lacks steam, unilateralism and protectionism are on the rise, the multilateral trading system is experiencing disruptions, and tariff barriers continue to increase. All this is undermining the stability of global industrial and supply chains and impeding flows in the international economy. The factors causing geopolitical tensions remain numerous, and they are affecting global market expectations and investment confidence and fueling the risk of volatility in global markets.

Domestically, the foundation for China’s sustained economic recovery and growth is not strong enough. Effective demand is weak, and consumption, in particular, is sluggish. Some enterprises face difficulties in production and operations, and overdue payments remain a prominent issue for enterprises. There are pressures on job creation and income growth. In addition, there are weak links in our work to ensure public wellbeing and some primary-level governments have fiscal difficulties.

Greater efforts need to be made to address social problems and guard against risks. We in government need to improve our performance and capacity for conducting law-based administration. Coordination and cooperation are lacking in some areas of our work, and the pace of implementation for some policies is too slow, with the results being less than expected. Some government departments are not fully service-oriented and are thus often inefficient. Some officials either act arbitrarily or lack the drive and ability to deliver. Corruption remains a common problem in some sectors and localities.

We must face these difficulties and problems head-on and have stronger confidence in our development. China has distinctive institutional strengths and many advantages, including an enormous market, a complete industrial system, and a wealth of manpower and talent. We have effective governance mechanisms featuring long-term plans, sound regulation, and coordination between central and local governments as well as vast space for further growth through demand upgrades, structural improvements, and a shift to new growth drivers. The underlying trend of long-term economic growth has not changed and will not change. The giant ship of China’s economy will continue to cleave the waves and sail steadily toward the future.