本文轉載自：競爭法八卦
美國副總統JD·萬斯在巴黎人工智慧行動峰會上警告歐盟，過度監管美國科技巨頭將阻礙人工智慧發展。他批評歐盟《數字市場法案》《數字服務法案》等法規對內容審查和使用者資料限制過於嚴苛，是繁重的國際規則（onerous international rules），可能導致企業遮蔽歐盟使用者。
·敦促歐洲各國政府“以樂觀而非畏懼的態度看待這一新領域”，並警告稱“對人工智慧技術的過度監管”可能會“扼殺一個變革行業”。Urged European governments to “look to this new frontier with optimism, rather than trepidation” and warned that “excessive regulation” of AI technologies could “kill a transformative industry.”
·他批評歐盟《數字服務法案》以打擊“虛假資訊”名義過度審查內容，侵犯成年人獲取資訊的自由。
·萬斯警告歐盟法規或迫使科技公司直接遮蔽歐盟使用者以避免合規壓力，質疑此類監管的合理性。
·美國反對歐盟透過《數字市場法案》等政策限制具有國際影響力的美國科技企業。
萬斯最後發出吶喊和質疑“這真的是我們想要的未來嗎？” Is this really the future that we want?歐盟委員會主席馮德萊恩則否認歐盟已經落後（Too often, I hear that Europe is late to the race – while the US and China have already gotten ahead. I disagree. ），強調歐盟透過《人工智慧法案》建立統一安全規則，平衡創新與風險。歐盟堅持走自己的路。That is our path – our European way.
歐盟委員會主席馮德萊恩在人工智慧行動峰會上的講話
女士們，先生們：
這是一年多來第三次人工智慧安全峰會。在同一時期，釋出了三代更強大的人工智慧模型。一些人預計，這些模型將在一年內接近人類推理。過去的峰會側重於為人工智慧安全奠定基礎。我們共同建立了一個共識，即人工智慧將是安全的，它將促進我們的價值觀並造福人類。但這次峰會的重點是行動。這正是我們現在需要的。現在是時候讓我們制定一個願景，即我們希望人工智慧將我們作為社會和人類帶向何方。然後我們需要採取行動，加快歐洲實現這一目標。這就是我今天想說的。歐洲在全球人工智慧競賽中的特定地位。
我們希望歐洲成為領先的人工智慧大陸之一。這意味著要擁抱一種人工智慧無處不在的生活方式。人工智慧可以幫助我們提高競爭力，保護我們的安全，支援公共衛生，並使獲取知識和資訊更加民主。這就是你們——企業家和研究人員、投資者和商業領袖——在巴黎展示的。這是我們想要成為的人工智慧大陸的一瞥。
我經常聽到歐洲在比賽中遲到了，而美國和中國已經領先了。我不同意。因為AI競賽遠未結束。事實上，我們才剛剛開始。邊境在不斷移動。全球領導力仍有待爭奪。在前沿的背後，是整個人工智慧採用的世界。人工智慧剛剛開始在我們經濟的關鍵領域以及我們時代的關鍵挑戰中得到應用。這應該是歐洲的重點。將人工智慧應用於特定行業，並利用其生產力和人力。這就是歐洲真正能夠領先的地方。因此，歐洲將獲得一切。
但我們需要自己獨特的人工智慧方法。我經常聽說，我們應該複製其他人正在做的事情，並追求他們的優勢。我認為，相反，我們應該投資於我們能做得最好的事情，並利用我們在歐洲的優勢，即我們對世界的科學技術掌握。正如本次峰會所顯示的那樣，人工智慧有一個獨特的歐洲品牌。它已經在推動創新和採用。而且它正在加快速度。那麼，它的主要特徵是什麼？首先，歐洲人工智慧專注於在複雜應用中採用人工智慧，利用我們獨特的工業和製造業資料和專有技術。其次，歐洲的人工智慧是合作的。它彙集了來自不同國家、行業和背景的人才。這也是我們合作研究科學的精神，它產生了許多突破和巨大的人才庫。想想地平線歐洲。第三，歐洲人工智慧擁抱開源的力量。開源可以與專有系統一起更快地傳播。正是由於所有這些原因，歐洲的人工智慧初創企業正在蓬勃發展。獨角獸的數量在短短幾年內增加了十倍。因此，這個歐洲品牌的開放式創新正在取得成果。但現在它需要增壓。這就是為什麼這是一個人工智慧行動峰會。
我們將採取兩種主要方式。首先，我們要加快創新。歐洲擁有世界上最快的公共超級計算機。我們現在讓他們為我們最好的初創企業和科學家服務，這樣他們就可以打造我們需要的人工智慧。在短短幾個月內，我們已經建立了12家人工智慧工廠的記錄。我們正在向他們投資100億歐元。這不是一個承諾——它正在發生，這是世界上最大的人工智慧公共投資，將釋放超過十倍的私人投資。我們的目標是，不僅是大公司，每家公司都能獲得所需的計算能力。我們希望人工智慧開發人員能夠根據他們的創新程度進行競爭，而不僅僅是他們獲得晶片的機會或財務實力的大小。
現在，我們還將人工智慧工廠提升到了一個新的水平，即人工智慧超級工廠。非常大的資料和計算基礎設施，用於訓練非常大的模型。我們希望複製日內瓦歐洲核子研究中心實驗室的成功故事。歐洲核子研究中心擁有世界上最大的粒子加速器。它允許世界上最優秀、最聰明的人一起工作。我們希望在我們的人工智慧超級工廠中也能發生同樣的事情。我們為大型計算能力提供基礎設施。研究人員、企業家和投資者將能夠聯合起來。歡迎世界各地的人才。行業將能夠協作和聯合他們的資料。我們正在為他們創造安全的空間，就像歐洲健康資料空間一樣。因為人工智慧需要競爭，也需要協作。人工智慧需要人們的信任，並且必須是安全的。這就是《人工智慧法案》的目的——為整個歐盟（4.5億人）提供一套安全規則，而不是27項不同的國家法規。安全符合商業利益。與此同時，我知道，我們必須讓事情變得更容易，我們必須減少繁文縟節。我們會的。
最後，計算能力需要公共和私營部門立即提供大量金融資本。在此背景下，我歡迎歐洲人工智慧冠軍倡議，該倡議承諾從供應商、投資者和行業提供1500億歐元。今天，我可以透過我們的InvestAI計劃宣佈，我們可以追加500億歐元。因此，我們的目標是為歐洲的人工智慧投資籌集2000億歐元。我們將重點關注工業和關鍵任務應用。這將是世界上最大的公私合作專案，旨在開發值得信賴的人工智慧。
最後，合作人工智慧的吸引力遠遠超出了歐洲，包括我們在全球南方的合作伙伴。本著這種精神，我們全力支援今天成立的人工智慧基金會。人工智慧可以成為人類的禮物。但我們必須確保所有人都能普遍受益。我們希望人工智慧成為一股向善的力量。我們想要一個人人合作、人人受益的人工智慧。這是我們的道路—
Ladies and gentlemen,
This is the third Summit on AI safety in just over one year. In the same period three new generations of ever more powerful AI models have been released. Some expect models that will approach human reasoning within a year's time. Past summits focused on laying the groundwork for AI safety. Together, we built a shared consensus that AI will be safe, and that it will promote our values and benefit humanity. But this Summit is focused on action. And that is exactly what we need right now. The time has come for us to formulate a vision of where we want AI to take us, as society and as humanity. And then we need to act and accelerate Europe in getting there. This is what I would like to address today. Europe's specific place in the global race for AI.
We want Europe to be one of the leading AI continents. And this means embracing a way of life where AI is everywhere. AI can help us boost our competitiveness, protect our security, shore up public health, and make access to knowledge and information more democratic. And this is what you – entrepreneurs and researchers, investors and business leaders – are showcasing here in Paris. This is a glimpse of the AI continent we want to become.
Too often, I hear that Europe is late to the race – while the US and China have already gotten ahead. I disagree. Because the AI race is far from over. Truth is, we are only at the beginning. The frontier is constantly moving. And global leadership is still up for grabs. And behind the frontier, lies the whole world of AI adoption. AI has only just begun to be adopted in the key sectors of our economy, and for the key challenges of our times. This should be Europe's focus. Bringing AI to industry-specific applications and harnessing its power for productivity and people. This is where Europe can truly lead the race. So, Europe has everything to gain.
But we need our own, distinctive approach to AI. Too often, I have heard that we should replicate what others are doing and run after their strengths. I think that instead, we should invest in what we can do best and build on our strengths here in Europe, which are our science and technology mastery that we have given to the world. As this Summit shows, there is a distinct European brand of AI. It is already driving innovation and adoption. And it is picking up speed. So what are its main features? First, European AI focuses on AI adoption in complex applications, using our unique industrial and manufacturing data and know-how. Second, European AI is cooperative. It brings talents together from different countries, sectors and backgrounds. It is the same spirit of our collaborative approach to science, which has produced many a breakthrough and a huge pool of talent. Just think of Horizon Europe. And third, European AI embraces the power of open source. And open source can spread much faster, along with proprietary systems. It is for all these reasons that the AI start-up scene in Europe is booming. The number of unicorns has increased by ten times in just a few years. So, this European brand of open innovation is showing results. But it now needs to be supercharged. And this is why this is an AI Action Summit.
We will act in two main ways. First, we want to accelerate innovation. Europe has some of the world's fastest public supercomputers. We are now putting them at the service of our best start-ups and scientists, so they can forge the AI we need. In just a few months we have set up a record of 12 AI factories. And we are investing EUR 10 billion in them. This is not a promise – it is happening right now, and it is the largest public investment for AI in the world, which will unlock over ten times more private investment. Our goal is that every company, not only the big players, can access the computing power it needs. We want AI developers to compete based on how innovative they are, not just on their access to chips or the size of their financial firepower.
And now we are also bringing AI Factories to the next level, with AI Gigafactories. Very large data and computing infrastructure, to train very large models. We want to replicate the success story of the CERN laboratory in Geneva. CERN hosts the largest particle accelerator in the world. And it allows the best and the brightest minds in the world to work together. We want the same to happen in our AI Gigafactories. We provide the infrastructure for large computational power. Researchers, entrepreneurs and investors will be able to join forces. Talents of the world are welcome. Industries will be able to collaborate and federate their data. We are creating the safe space for them – like the European health data space. Because AI needs competition but also collaboration. And AI needs the confidence of people and has to be safe. This is the purpose of the AI Act – to provide for one single set of safety rules across the European Union – 450 million people –, instead of 27 different national regulations. And safety is in the interest of business. At the same time, I know, we have to make it easier, we have to cut red tape. And we will.
Finally, computational power requires immediate substantial financial capital, from both public and private sector. In this context, I welcome the European AI Champions Initiative that pledges EUR 150 billion EUR from providers, investors and industry. Today, I can announce with our InvestAI initiative that we can top up by EUR 50 billion. Thereby we aim to mobilise a total of EUR 200 billion for AI investments in Europe. We will have a focus on industrial and mission-critical applications. It will be the largest public-private partnership in the world for the development of trustworthy AI.
Finally, cooperative AI can be attractive well beyond Europe, including for our partners in the Global South. In this spirit, we fully support the AI Foundation that is being launched today. AI can be a gift to humanity. But we must make sure that benefits are widespread and accessible to all. We want AI to be a force for good. We want an AI where everyone collaborates and everyone benefits. That is our path – our European way.
Thank you very much.