新加坡如何為兒童築起’數字防火牆’？

▲ 新加坡眼，點選卡片關注，加星標，以防失聯

2025年2月5日，新加坡數碼發展及新聞部長楊莉明在國會書面答覆碧山-大巴窯集選區議員安迪有關加強監管以審查社交媒體公司後臺演算法必要性的質詢。

以下內容為新加坡眼根據國會英文資料翻譯整理：

安迪（碧山-大巴窯集選區議員）詢問數碼發展及新聞部長：

（a）現行社交媒體公司監管是否包含審查其推送內容的演算法？

（b）若未包含，是否考慮在下一輪監管強化中納入，以降低有害內容對新加坡使用者的風險？

楊莉明（數碼發展及新聞部長）：新加坡採取結果導向的網路內容監管方式，我們的重點在於最大限度減少有害內容對新加坡使用者的影響，無論這些內容是如何產生的，也無論影響是如何產生的。我們繼續關注包括歐洲和美國在內的其他地區的法規，這些法規旨在強制要求社交媒體平臺使用的演算法具有透明度。我們注意到，這些監管方法仍處於早期發展階段，對其在確保網路安全方面的有效性還沒有達成共識。

根據《社交媒體服務網際網路行為準則》（ Code of Practice for Online Safety for social media services），指定的社交媒體服務必須確保其使用者可以使用平臺上的工具來管理自身安全，例如限制有害內容和不受歡迎的互動的可見性的工具。《準則》還要求各平臺確保不得針對兒童接收有損其身心健康的內容，並設定更嚴格的賬戶設定。《準則》並未規定指定的社交媒體服務應如何實施這些措施。

為加強網路安全，《準則》還規定指定社交媒體服務每年向資訊通訊媒體發展局（IMDA）提交問責報告。這些報告必須包含它們為打擊有害內容和改善使用者安全而採取的措施的相關資訊。資訊通訊媒體發展局（IMDA）目前正在審查首批年度網路安全（online safety）報告，隨後將公佈審查結果。

我們將繼續研究不斷變化的網路環境，並評估是否需要加強對社交媒體服務的監管，作為提升新加坡網路安全工作的組成部分。

以下是英文質詢內容：

Mr Saktiandi Supaat asked the Minister for Digital Development and Information (a) whether current regulation of social media companies includes an ability to review the behind-the-scenes algorithms that such companies employ to push content to users; and (b) if not, whether the Ministry will consider that in the next round of strengthening regulations to mitigate the risks of harmful social media content to Singapore users.

Mrs Josephine Teo: Singapore's approach to online content regulations is outcome-based. We focus on ways to minimise exposure of harmful online content to Singapore users, regardless of how the content is generated or how the exposure comes about. We continue to monitor regulations elsewhere, including Europe and the United States, that seek to mandate transparency over the algorithms used by social media platforms. We note that these regulatory approaches are still in the early stages of development and there is no consensus on their effectiveness in ensuring online safety.

Under the Code of Practice for Online Safety for social media services, designated social media services have to ensure that their users have access to tools on their platforms to manage their own safety, such as tools to restrict visibility of harmful content and unwanted interactions. The Code also requires platforms to ensure that children must not be targeted to receive content that is detrimental to their physical and mental well-being, and put in place more restrictive account settings. The Code does not prescribe how the designated social media services are to implement these measures.

To enhance online safety, the Code also mandates that designated social media services submit annual accountability reports to the Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA). These reports must contain information about measures that they have put in place to combat harmful content and improve users' safety. IMDA is currently reviewing the first annual online safety reports and will subsequently publish the findings.

We will continue to study the evolving online landscape and review if additional regulations for social media services are needed as part of our ongoing efforts to enhance online safety in Singapore.