雙語原著：馬斯克傳記——第一章：一窩子冒險家

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Chapter 1 Adventurers 第 1 章冒險者

Joshua and Winnifred Haldeman

約書亞和溫妮弗雷德·哈爾德曼

Elon Musk’s attraction to risk was a family

trait

. In that

regard

, he

took after

his

maternal

grandfather, Joshua Haldeman, a

daredevil

adventurer with strongly held opinions who was raised on a farm on the

barren

plains of central Canada. He studied

chiropractic

techniques in Iowa, then returned to his hometown near Moose Jaw, where he

broke in

horses and gave chiropractic adjustments in exchange for food and

lodging

埃隆·馬斯克（Elon
Musk）喜歡冒險是家族遺傳。在這方面，他繼承了外祖父約書亞·霍爾德曼（Joshua
Haldeman）的風格，霍爾德曼是一位敢於冒險的冒險家，在加拿大中部貧瘠的平原上的一個農場長大，具有強烈的主見。他在愛荷華州學習整脊技術，然後回到家鄉穆斯焦附近，在那裡馴馬並提供整脊服務，以換取食物和住宿。

He
was eventually able to buy his own farm, but he lost it during the
depression of the 1930s. For the next few years, he worked as a cowboy,

rodeo

performer, and construction hand. His one

constant

was a love for adventure. He married and divorced, traveled as a

hobo

freight

trains, and was a

stowaway

on an oceangoing ship.

他最終買下了自己的農場，但在 20 世紀 30 年代的大蕭條中失去了農場。在接下來的幾年裡，他做過牛仔、牛仔競技表演者和建築工人。他唯一不變的是對冒險的熱愛。他結過婚，離過婚，當過貨運列車上的流浪漢，還曾在一艘遠洋輪船上偷渡。

The loss of his farm

instilled

in him a

populism

, and he became active in a movement known as the Social Credit Party, which

advocated

giving citizens free credit notes they could use like

currency

. The movement had a

conservative

fundamentalist

streak

tinged with

anti-Semitism

. Its first leader in Canada

decried

a “

perversion

of cultural ideals” because “a

disproportionate

number of Jews occupy positions of control.” Haldeman rose to become chair of the party’s national council.

失去農場給他灌輸了一種民粹主義，他開始積極投身於一場名為社會信用黨的運動，該黨主張向公民提供免費的信用紙幣，他們可以像貨幣一樣使用。該運動帶有保守的原教旨主義色彩，並帶有反猶太主義色彩。該黨在加拿大的首任領導人譴責
"文化理想的變態"，因為 "過多的猶太人佔據了控制職位"。霍爾德曼升任該黨全國委員會主席。

He also

enlisted

in a movement called Technocracy, which believed that government should be run by

technocrats

rather than politicians. It was temporarily

outlawed

in Canada because of its opposition to the country’s entry into World War II. Haldeman

defied

the ban by taking out a newspaper ad supporting the movement.

他還參加了一場名為 "技術民主"（Technocracy）的運動，該運動認為政府應由技術官僚而非政客管理。由於反對加拿大參加第二次世界大戰，該運動在加拿大被暫時取締。霍爾德曼不顧禁令，在報紙上刊登了支援該運動的廣告。

At one point he wanted to learn

ballroom

dancing, which is how he met Winnifred Fletcher, whose

adventurous

streak was equal to his. As a sixteen-year-old, she got a job at the Moose Jaw

Times Herald

, but she dreamed of being a dancer and actress. So she

lit out

by
train to Chicago and then New York City. Upon her return, she opened a
dance school in Moose Jaw, which is where Haldeman showed up for
lessons. When he asked her to dinner, she replied, “I don’t

date

my clients.” So he quit the class and asked her out again. A few months
later, he asked, “When will you marry me?” She responded, “Tomorrow.”

他曾一度想學習交際舞，並因此結識了溫妮弗雷德·弗萊徹（Winnifred
Fletcher），後者的冒險精神與他不相上下。16
歲時，她在《穆斯焦時代先驅報》找到了一份工作，但她夢想成為一名舞蹈家和演員。於是，她乘火車去了芝加哥，然後又去了紐約。回國後，她在穆斯焦開辦了一家舞蹈學校，霍爾德曼就是在那裡上課的。當他邀請她共進晚餐時，她回答說："我不和客戶約會。"於是他退了課，再次約她出去。幾個月後，他問
"你什麼時候嫁給我？"她回答說 "明天"

They had four children, including twin girls, Maye and Kaye, born in 1948. One day on a trip he

spotted

a For Sale sign on a single-engine Luscombe airplane sitting in a
farmer’s field. He had no cash, but he convinced the farmer to take his
car in exchange. It was rather

impetuous

, since Haldeman did not know how to fly. He hired someone to fly him home and teach him how to

pilot

the plane.

他們有四個孩子，包括
1948 年出生的雙胞胎女兒 Maye 和 Kaye。有一天，他在一次旅行中發現一架單引擎的 Luscombe
飛機上掛著出售的牌子，這架飛機就停在一個農民的田裡。他沒有現金，但他說服農民用他的汽車作為交換。由於霍爾德曼不會駕駛飛機，所以他的舉動顯得有些冒失。他僱人送他回家，並教他如何駕駛飛機。

The
family came to be known as The Flying Haldemans, and he was described
by a chiropractic trade journal as “perhaps the most remarkable figure
in the history of flying

chiropractors

,” a rather narrow,

albeit

accurate,

accolade

. They bought a larger single-engine plane, a Bellanca, when Maye and Kaye were three months old, and the

toddlers

became known as “the flying twins.”

他們一家後來被稱為 "會飛的哈爾德曼"，而他也被一家脊骨神經科行業雜誌形容為 "也許是飛行脊骨神經科醫生歷史上最傑出的人物"。在梅和凱伊三個月大的時候，他們買了一架更大的單引擎飛機–貝蘭卡飛機，於是這對蹣跚學步的孩子被稱為 "飛行雙胞胎"。

With his

quirky

conservative populist views, Haldeman came to believe that the Canadian government was

usurping

too much control over the lives of individuals and that the country had
gone soft. So in 1950, he decided to move to South Africa, which was
still ruled by a white apartheid

regime

. They took apart the Bellanca,

crated

it, and boarded a

freighter

for Cape Town. Haldeman decided he wanted to live inland, so they took
off toward Johannesburg, where most of the white citizens spoke English
rather than Afrikaans. But as they flew over nearby Pretoria, the

lavender

jacaranda flowers were

in bloom

, and Haldeman announced, “This is where we’ll stay.”

霍爾德曼持有古怪的保守民粹主義觀點，他認為加拿大政府對個人生活的控制過多，國家變得軟弱無力。因此，1950

年，他決定移居南非，當時南非仍由白人種族隔離政權統治。他們拆開貝蘭卡，裝箱後登上了前往開普敦的貨輪。霍爾德曼決定住在內陸，於是他們向約翰內斯堡方向飛去，那裡的大多數白人市民都說英語，而不是南非荷蘭語。但當他們飛越附近的比勒陀利亞時，薰衣草槐花盛開，霍爾德曼宣佈："這就是我們要住的地方。"

When Joshua and Winnifred were young, a

charlatan

named William Hunt, known (at least to himself) as “the Great Farini,”
came to Moose Jaw and told tales of an ancient “lost city” he had seen
when crossing the Kalahari Desert in South Africa. “This

fabulist

showed my grandfather pictures that were obviously fake, but he became a
believer and decided it was his mission to rediscover it,” Musk says.
Once in Africa, the Haldemans made a monthlong

trek

into the Kalahari every year to search for this

legendary

city. They hunted for their own food and slept with their guns so they could

fend off

lions.

約書亞和溫妮弗雷德年輕的時候，一個名叫威廉·亨特（William
Hunt）的江湖騙子來到穆斯焦（Moose Jaw），說他在穿越南非卡拉哈里沙漠時看到了一座
"失落的古城"。"馬斯克說："這個騙子給我祖父看了一些明顯是假的照片，但他信以為真，並決定把重新發現它作為自己的使命。到了非洲之後，哈爾德曼夫婦每年都要在卡拉哈里沙漠跋涉一個月，尋找這座傳說中的城市。他們自己捕獵食物，帶著槍睡覺，以便抵禦獅子。

The family adopted a

motto

: “Live dangerously—carefully.” They

embarked on

long-distance flights to places such as Norway,

tied for first place

in the twelve-thousand-mile Cape Town–to-Algiers motor

rally

,
and became the first to fly a single-engine plane from Africa to
Australia. “They had to remove the back seats to put in gas tanks,” Maye
later recalled.

這個家庭的座右銘是："危險地生活，小心地生活"。他們開始長途飛行，飛往挪威等地，在從開普敦到阿爾及爾的 12000 英里汽車拉力賽中並列第一，併成為第一個駕駛單引擎飛機從非洲飛往澳大利亞的人。"梅伊後來回憶說："他們不得不拆掉後座來安裝油箱。

Joshua Haldeman’s risk-taking eventually

caught up with

him. He was killed when a person he was teaching to fly hit a power line, causing the plane to

flip

and crash. His grandson Elon was three at the time. “He knew that real adventures involve risk,” he says. “Risk energized him.”

約書亞-霍爾德曼的冒險行為最終讓他鋃鐺入獄。他教人飛行時撞上了電線，導致飛機翻轉墜毀，他因此喪生。當時他的孫子埃隆才三歲。"他知道，真正的冒險是有風險的，"他說。"風險讓他充滿活力。

Haldeman

imprinted

that spirit onto one of his twin girls, Elon’s mother, Maye. “I know
that I can take a risk as long as I’m prepared,” she says. As a young
student, she did well in science and math. She was also

strikingly

good-looking. Tall and blue-eyed, with high cheekbones and

sculpted

chin, she began working at age fifteen as a model, doing department store

runway shows

on Saturday mornings.

霍爾德曼將這種精神深深地烙印在他的雙胞胎女兒之一，也就是伊隆的母親梅伊身上。"她說："我知道，只要做好準備，我就能冒險。年輕時，她的科學和數學成績很好。她長得也很出眾。她個子高挑、藍眼睛、顴骨高聳、下巴精緻，15歲時開始做模特，在週六上午參加百貨公司的時裝表演。

Around that time, she met a boy in her neighborhood who was also strikingly good-looking, albeit in a smooth and

caddish

way.

大約在那個時候，她在鄰居家認識了一個男孩，這個男孩長得也很出眾，不過為人圓滑、靦腆。

Errol Musk 埃洛爾·馬斯克

Errol Musk was an adventurer and

wheeler-dealer

, always

on the lookout for

the next opportunity. His mother, Cora, was from England, where she
finished school at fourteen, worked at a factory making skins for
fighter-bombers, then took a refugee ship to South Africa. There she met
Walter Musk, a

cryptographer

and military intelligence officer who worked in Egypt on

schemes

to fool the Germans by

deploying

fake weapons and searchlights. After the war, he did little

other than

sit silently in an armchair, drink, and use his

cryptology

skills on crossword puzzles. So Cora left him, went back to England
with their two sons, bought a Buick, and then returned to Pretoria. “She
was the strongest person I ever met,” Errol says.

埃羅爾·馬斯克是一個冒險家和商人，總是在尋找下一個機會。他的母親科拉來自英國，14
歲就完成了學業，在一家為戰鬥轟炸機制造蒙皮的工廠工作，然後搭乘難民船來到南非。在那裡，她遇到了沃爾特·馬斯克（Walter
Musk），他是一名密碼學家和軍事情報官員，曾在埃及從事透過部署假武器和探照燈來欺騙德國人的計劃。戰後，他除了靜靜地坐在扶手椅上喝酒，把他的密碼學技能用在填字遊戲上之外，幾乎無所事事。於是，科拉離開了他，帶著兩個兒子回到英國，買了一輛別克車，然後回到了比勒陀利亞。"埃羅爾說："她是我見過的最堅強的人。

Errol earned a degree in engineering and worked on building hotels, shopping centers, and factories.

On the side

, he liked restoring old cars and planes. He also

dabbled in

politics, defeating an Afrikaner member of the pro-apartheid National
Party to become one of the few English-speaking members of the Pretoria
City Council. The

Pretoria News

for March 9, 1972, reported the election under the headline “Reaction against the Establishment.”

埃羅爾獲得了工程學學位，從事過酒店、購物中心和工廠的建設工作。此外，他還喜歡修復老式汽車和飛機。他還涉足政界，擊敗了支援種族隔離的民族黨的一名阿非裡卡人成員，成為比勒陀利亞市議會為數不多的講英語的議員之一。1972
年 3 月 9 日的《比勒陀利亞新聞》以 "對當權者的反動 "為題報道了這次選舉。

Like the Haldemans, he loved flying. He bought a twin-engine Cessna Golden Eagle, which he used to

ferry

television

crews

to a

lodge

he had built in the bush. On one trip in 1986, when he was looking to sell the plane, he landed at an

airstrip

in Zambia where a Panamanian-Italian entrepreneur offered to buy it.
They agreed on a price, and instead of taking a payment in cash, Errol
was given a portion of the emeralds produced at three small mines that
the entrepreneur owned in Zambia.

和霍爾德曼夫婦一樣，他也熱愛飛行。他買了一架雙引擎塞斯納金鷹飛機，用來把電視攝製組送到他在叢林中建造的小屋。1986

年的一次旅行中，當他打算出售這架飛機時，他在尚比亞的一個簡易機場降落，一位巴拿馬-義大利企業家表示願意購買這架飛機。他們商定了一個價格，埃羅爾沒有接受現金支付，而是得到了這位企業家在尚比亞擁有的三個小礦場出產的部分祖母綠。

Zambia then had a postcolonial Black government, but there was no functioning

bureaucracy

, so the mine was not registered. “If you registered it, you would

wind up with

nothing, because the Blacks would take everything from you,” Errol
says. He criticizes Maye’s family for being racist, which he insists he
is not. “I

don’t have anything against

the Blacks, but they are just different from what I am,” he says in a

rambling

phone

discourse

尚比亞當時有一個後殖民時代的黑人政府，但沒有正常運作的官僚機構，所以礦場沒有註冊。"埃羅爾說："如果你註冊了，你就會一無所有，因為黑人會奪走你的一切。他批評梅伊的家人是種族主義者，但他堅稱自己不是。"他在電話中喋喋不休地說："我並不反對黑人，只是他們與我不同。

Errol, who never had an

ownership stake

in the mine, expanded his trade by importing raw emeralds and having
them cut in Johannesburg. “Many people came to me with stolen

parcels

,” he says. “On trips overseas I would sell emeralds to jewelers. It was a

cloak-and-dagger

thing, because none of it was legal.” After producing profits of
roughly $210,000, his emerald business collapsed in the 1980s when the
Russians created an artificial emerald in the lab. He lost all of his
emerald earnings.

埃羅爾從未擁有過礦山的所有權，他透過進口祖母綠原石並在約翰內斯堡進行切割來擴大自己的貿易。"許多人帶著偷來的包裹來找我，"他說。"在海外旅行時，我會向珠寶商出售祖母綠。這是一件隱秘的事情，因為這一切都不合法。在獲得大約
21 萬美元的利潤後，他的祖母綠生意在 20 世紀 80 年代因俄羅斯人在實驗室裡製造出人造祖母綠而倒閉。他失去了所有的翡翠收入。

Their marriage 他們的婚姻

Errol
Musk and Maye Haldeman began dating when they were young teenagers.
From the start, their relationship was filled with drama. He repeatedly

proposed

to her, but she didn’t trust him. When she discovered he was

cheating on

her, she became so upset that she cried for a week and couldn’t eat.
“Because of grief, I dropped ten pounds,” she recalls; it helped her win
a local beauty contest. She got $150 in cash plus ten tickets to a

bowling alley

and became a

finalist

in the Miss South Africa contest.

埃羅爾-馬斯克和梅伊-霍爾德曼在年輕時就開始約會。從一開始，他們的關係就充滿了戲劇性。他多次向她求婚，但她不相信他。當她發現他對她不忠時，她難過得哭了一個星期，吃不下飯。她回憶說："因為悲傷，我體重下降了十磅，"這幫助她贏得了當地的選美比賽。她得到了
150 美元現金和十張保齡球館的門票，並進入了南非小姐決賽。

When Maye graduated from college, she moved to Cape Town to give talks about nutrition. Errol came to visit, brought an

engagement ring

,
and proposed. He promised he would change his ways and be faithful once
they were married. Maye had just broken off a relationship with another
unfaithful boyfriend, gained a lot of weight, and begun to fear that
she would never get married, so she agreed.

梅伊大學畢業後，來到開普敦舉辦營養學講座。埃洛爾來看她，帶來了訂婚戒指，並向她求婚。他承諾一旦結婚，就會改邪歸正，忠貞不渝。梅伊剛剛與另一個不忠男友分手，體重增加了很多，開始擔心自己永遠不會結婚，於是她同意了。

The
night of the wedding, Errol and Maye took an inexpensive flight to
Europe for their honeymoon. In France, he bought copies of

Playboy

,
which was banned in South Africa, and lay on the small hotel bed
looking at them, much to Maye’s annoyance. Their fights turned bitter.
When they got back to Pretoria, she thought of trying to get out of the
marriage. But she soon became

nauseated

from morning sickness. She had become pregnant on the second night of
their honeymoon, in the town of Nice. “It was clear that marrying him
had been a mistake,” she recalls, “but now it was impossible to

undo

.”

新婚之夜，埃洛爾和梅伊乘坐廉價航班前往歐洲度蜜月。在法國，他買了南非禁售的《花花公子》，躺在酒店的小床上翻看，這讓梅伊非常惱火。他們的爭吵越來越激烈。他們回到比勒陀利亞後，她曾想過離婚。但她很快就孕吐不止。他們在尼斯度蜜月的第二個晚上，她就懷孕了。"嫁給他顯然是個錯誤，"她回憶道，"但現在已經無法挽回了。"