Just at the end of July, a tragedy occurred in the unmanned area of Lop Nur. A folk self -driving team was not approved on the 22nd.Without approval, it breaks into the Lop Nuro Camel Nature ReserveAs a result, the team lost contact, and the police and rescue found the missing vehicles on the 27th.One of them disappeared, but the other three had died。
Although my country has warned many times, it is not allowed to enter the uninhabited area without allowing it, but many people still do not believe in evil, but they want to use their own lives to touch.Don’t turn back without hitting the South Wall。
The uninhabited area is just like its name, and people can’t live after entering. Only animals can live well here. Why?
十 One of the top ten restricted areas in the world: Lop Nur
The place where the team lost contact is calledLoppurLocated in the beautifulThe hinterland of the Tarim Basin in XinjiangThere were also green grass here, and cattle and sheep were in groups. It was once a rich lake.
Today, Lop Nur has grimped dry and becameGobi with high temperature and heat, wind and sandy GobiIt is also called here“Death Forbidden Area”。
Maybe many people don’t understand,What is the difference between the environment of Lop Nur and other places?, It turned out to be a place where humans smelled the wind and prohibited? Let’s walk into this deserted desert and understand in -depth.
here it isThe most arid place in central AsiaIt is even a basinGathering of water and saltThe salt shell here is as hard as stones, without a drop of fresh water.
If you see a “Qingquan” here, don’t feel happy, because this is just salty and bitter.Salt spring, Can’t drink it at all.
Water is the source of all things,No water plants and animals cannot survive here, and they will gradually die and die.There are only a few sparse plants here, such as sandTurn the dates, camel thornssome type of.
Camel thorn
The temperature of Lop Nur is like hell. The temperature in summer is the highest. Every day here is like being thrown into the oven.The surface temperature soared directly to 70 degrees。
Imagine how long can you live here at such high temperature? The temperature in summer is high. When the temperature turns straight down in winter, the lowest temperature can be reachedMinus 40 degrees。
Extreme temperature,Humans cannot survive hereIf someone really can survive, it may be the so -called “Superman” in the TV series!
In addition to extreme temperatures, here are often every yearThe wind is a masterpiece, flying sandEssence If you do n’t cover the veil, do n’t wear sandprofees, you will take a bite without paying attention, and then the thin sand will blow into the eyes, making people open.
That’s it. This is one of the top ten restricted areas of the world, and it is also called an uninhabited area.
Life miracle in the uninhabited area: wild Shuangfeng camel
Few people know that in such a rigorous environment, large mammals survive-Wild Shuangfeng CamelThey are the miracles of life.
In fact, in the past century, everyone thinks that camels and wild camels have been the same species. Scientists have found that wild camels and home camel genes are essentially different.The difference is as high as 2-3%, Wild camel white blood cell dyeing is also obviously lighter than home camels, and there is a significant gap between blood genetic genes.Officially distinguished them in 2003。
Wild Shuangfeng Camel, belongs toCamel Camel genusThey are tooThe only wild twin peak camel species in the worldEssence It is mainly distributed in the northern foot of the Alki Mountains in China, east of the Taklama -Ganan Desert, Kuluktag Mountain in northern Lopland, and the border between China and Mongolia.
Some people may be curious, how did wild camels survive in this restricted area?
This has to mention the wonderful body of the wild camel. It can be said that the creature of camels,The structure of the whole body exists to adapt to the desert。
To survive in the desert of the yellow sand, we must first have the ability to prevent wind and sand.
In order to prevent wind and sand from entering the nose, wild camelsThe nostrils have evolved out of the valve, which can be switched at willIt can not only breathe and prevent wind sand, but also prevent water loss.
theirThe ear shells are also evolved small and round, which can be foldedAnd full fullThick hairUsed to resist wind sand. AboveWith double eyelid, Both sides of the eyelids are fineSeparate, Even if there is a wind sandKeep clear eyesightEssence There are also double -row thick eyelashes, which are the “eyelashes” of the animal world.
Their limbs are slender, unique hoof shape andSponge -like 胼 padCan increase the area of the ground,Walking freely in the soft sand, not sinking, Can also avoid being burned or frostbite.
In addition, the hair on the back of the body can resist the hot sun,Avoid being sunburned by the sunEssence The light brown yellow short hair is very close to the desert color, which can form natural protection colors.
Wild camel from May to June is a hair change period. There will be gaps when changing hair, which can ventilateIn order to survive the hot summer。
Their bodies can alsoAdapt to temperature with the changes in the environmentWhen the temperature is low at night, the wild camel will automatically increase the body temperature to40 degree, Reduce it again when dawn34 degreesabout.
Of course, it is not enough to have the ability to resist wind and sand. If you want to survive in the Lop Nur area, you must have drought tolerance.
As we all know, camels are one of the most drought -tolerant animalsThis is because of themWater captives in the stomachCan store water in the body.
Their cloth has a tiny airway, which is very special. It can make the secretions dry and form a duct.When exhaling, you can absorb the lung moisture, and the water of the ductive plot when inhaled is returned to the lungs to form a cycle。
Two tall hump is the unique logo of Shuangfeng camel. For a long time, everyone thought that the hump is the place where the camel is stored. It was later discovered that the hump was not stored in water, butFull energy。
The hump is mainly composed of fat and hoof tissue.The energy of savings can be as high as 50 kgThe desert that does not have food without food can convert the energy of the hump into the heat needed by the body, and can survive for a long time in the desert.
Camel’s unique body structure can make them not drink water for a long time, but this does not mean that they will not die without drinking water, but they generalDrink more than 10 kilograms, Store in the stomach.
Secondly, their plasma has special protein that can maintain moisture.
Adding the temperature to control the temperature to adjust the water consumption, plus the skinRarely sweating, lack of urination, dry stoolWaiting for a variety of unique skills,Wild camels can be thirsty for tens of days without drinking water in the summer。
In order to be able to survive in Lop Nur, wild camels have even evolvedSalineSkills that can also survive. The bitter and salty water here is the “necessity” of the camel’s life.
Wild camel is usuallyA group of life, scattered more in summerIn the autumn, 5-6 or 10 small groups began, and sometimes hundreds of hundreds of walking in the desert. Usually adult camels are at the forefront and at the end, and the little camel is protected in the middle.
熊 熊 ▋ is more precious than panda
actually,As early as 100 years ago, we thought that wild camels were extinctIt wasn’t until the 1950s and 1960s discovered their footprints in Lop Nur that we let us see the double peak camel again.
Today, there are about 600 wild camels in China, including 300 in Inner Mongolia, and there are fewer than giant pandas.
Why can wild camels that can survive in such a rigorous environment in the desert will come to the point where it is about to extinct?
Lop Nur’s originally precipitation was scarce. Wild camels were here to survive only by relying on the Tarim and Peacock River into the basin.
In recent years, human beings have more and more activities nearby, which leads toOver use of upstream water resources, Make water into the basin again,In the 1970s, Lop Nur completely dried upEssence The basin of the basin is high, and the groundwater level has continued to decline, and even the salt spring and desert plants have gradually disappeared.
Due to the rich local mineral resources, humans began to develop mineral resources in this place.“Wash gold” with salt water and spring waterIt has caused great damage to the environment for sewage and solids.As a result。
There are as many as 6 highways through the protected area,The influence of road obstruction on camel has greatly affected them, which has greatly affected the inhabitation reproduction.Essence The number of wild camels is getting less and less, and it has become what it is today.
When the local environment is destroyed, it is not repaired, and it will be attracted enough attention. The place is divided into a protected area without approval and cannot enter.Avoid the habitat of wild animals。
Salt spring in the protected area is the only water resource in the local wildlifeIt is also the source of life they live in, and protecting water resources is also the top priority. This is also one of the most important reasons why tourists are prohibited from entering.
In addition to protecting the environment, there is also a very important reason to protect people’s safety.
Due to the bad environment of Lop Nur, after entering, it will be fast due to sandstormsget lostOnce the car is caught, there will be big troubles hereWolfWaiting for wild animals, extremely dangerous.
Where the temperature difference between day and night is so large, it is difficult to survive even with sufficient food and water. If you lose contact after entering, then you willBe buried here。
For their own safety and to not disturb the local wild animals, I also advise everyone not to go to the uninhabited area easily!
Reference materials:
[1] The characteristics and significance of the home domain of the Lop Nuro camel_ Yuan Lei;
[2] Overview of Water Environment in the National Nature Reserve of the Lop Nuro Camel Camel_ Sagan Guli;
[3] Wild Camel_Di Six % Hidden in Lop Nur_ [[